01551nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245013400055210006900189260001500258300001000273520084800283653002301131653002401154653001401178653001701192653001501209100002501224700002501249856007101274 2021 eng d a0939-714000aMolecular and morphological identification of some millipedes (Spirostreptida: Spirostreptidae) collected from Taif, Saudi Arabia0 aMolecular and morphological identification of some millipedes Sp c10/03/2021 a1 - 93 a

Millipedes are widely distributed in Saudi Arabia but they were not studied before. In Taif governorate, two species were found that are similar morphologically, which resulted in incorrect identification of these species. Therefore, this work aimed to combine morphological identification with genetic analysis. Specimens were separated morphologically into two species Archispirostreptus syriacus and A. tumuliporus. The first species was recorded in Arruddaf, Maysaan, Thaqif, Bani Saad and Maysaan, the second occurs in Alshafa and Maysaan. The phylogenetic tree inferred from cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences separated samples that were identified as A. tumuliporus from those identified as A. syriacus. Also, a dendrogram based on ISSR-PCR showed these two species in separate clusters.

10aArchispirostreptus10aCOI gene sequencing10aDiplopoda10aISSR markers10amillipedes1 aHassan, Montaser, M.1 aHassan, Mohammed, M. uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09397140.2021.189540902749nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245009700055210006900152260001500221300000900236490000800245520197300253653001902226653001402245653001402259653000902273653001202282653001802294100002102312700002102333700002202354700001902376700002102395856006702416 2020 eng d a0038-071700aRelease of greenhouse gases from millipedes as related to food, body size, and other factors0 aRelease of greenhouse gases from millipedes as related to food b c28/02/2020 a1-100 v1443 a

The release of greenhouse gases from millipede digestive tracts warrants study because of its potential effect on climate change and also as an indicator of microbial processes that transform organic matter during passage through the gut of these animals. Gas chromatography was used to quantify the release of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O) from living millipedes in laboratory conditions. The effect of four food types (leaf litter of alder, oak, and maple, and rotten wood) on the release of CH4, CO2, and N2O by 12 species was also assessed. In addition, two julid species were fed pure cellulose to test the ability of these millipedes to obtain energy from cellulose and to determine the effect of this diet on gas production.

All of the tested millipede species produced CO2 and some produced CH4. Stable and substantial CH4 emission was restricted to the large millipedes in the tropical orders Spirobolida and Spirostreptida. This asymmetrical phylogenetic distribution of CH4 production may be related to body size and the presence of gut commensals, but these factors may influence each other and depend upon geographic distribution of species. The quality of the food and feeding regime can also affect CH4 production in that CH4 release was significantly higher when millipedes were fed alder leaf litter rather than oak or maple leaf litter. CO2 production from millipedes mainly reflected the metabolic response of the animals. Traces of N2O were only occasionally emitted by millipedes; this release evidently depends on the N content in the food and seems to be restricted to members of the Glomeridae family. Based on gas production, the tested species of millipedes were unable to obtain their energy needs from a diet of pure cellulose.

10aCarbon dioxide10aCellulose10aDiplopoda10aFood10aMethane10aNitrous oxide1 aŠustr, Vladimir1 aŠimek, Miloslav1 aFaktorová, Lucie1 aMacková, Jana1 aTajovský, Karel uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S003807172030062601934nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245011500055210007100170260001500241300001200256490000800268520119100276653001501467653001401482653001101496653002001507653001601527653001901543100002301562700002001585700002201605856006501627 2016 eng d a1179-315500aHidden biodiversity revealed by collections-based research—Laboulbeniales in millipedes: genus Rickia0 aHidden biodiversity revealed by collectionsbased research—Laboul c12/01/2016 a101-1270 v2433 a

Nine new species of the genus Rickia parasitizing Diplopoda are described: R. appendicifera from Iran on Chiraziulus, R. candelabriformis from Australia and New Zealand on several Spirostreptida, R. galatheae from New Zealand on Eumastigonus, R. gigas from Tanzania on ‘Spirostreptus’ and Archispirostreptus, R. lophophora from Tanzania on some genera of Spirostreptidae, R. obelostrepti from Tanzania on Obelostreptus, R. odontopygiidarum from Tanzania on Odontopygidae, R. platessa from Singapore and Thailand on Pachybolidae, and R. rhynchophora from Australia on Trigoniulus.  This nearly triples the previously known number of species of Rickia species on millipedes; all 14 species are treated in this study with photomicrographs, additional observations on previously described taxa and comments. A key to these species is also provided. The Laboulbeniales species were found on millipede specimens preserved mostly at the Natural History Museum of Denmark, from samples collected between 1916 to the present.

10aAscomycota10aDiplopoda10aJulida10aparasitic fungi10aSpirobolida10aSpirostreptida1 aSantamaría, Sergi1 aEnghoff, Henrik1 aReboleira, Ana, S uhttps://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.243.2.102546nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245017400055210007100229260001500300300001000315490000800325520176400333653001102097653001402108653001902122653000802141653001402149653001302163100002602176700002502202700003002227856004702257 2020 eng d a1313-298900aThe millipede genus Globanus Attems, 1914, endemic to São Tomé and Príncipe, with the description of a new species (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Spirostreptidae)0 amillipede genus iGlobanusi Attems 1914 endemic to São Tomé and P c28/04/2020 a61-740 v9303 a

During a soil zoological expedition to São Tomé and Príncipe in 2010 by the California Academy of Sciences, millipedes of the genus Globanus were collected. Samples of G. marginescaber (Karsch, 1884) and G. integer (Karsch, 1884) were recovered in addition to those containing a new species. Globanus drewesi sp. nov. is described and additional records, illustrations, and descriptive notes are given for the other two species. A key to all three species of the genus is provided, and a distribution map is presented. The monotypic genus Lobogonus Demange, 1971, which includes L. trilobatus Demange, 1971, from Sierra Leone, mainland western Africa, is revalidated and removed from synonymy under Globanus. Lobogonus is illustrated from a type specimen.

 

10aAfrica10aDiplopoda10aGulf of Guinea10akey10aLobogonus10aTaxonomy1 aVandenSpiegel, Didier1 aShelley, Rowland, M.1 aGolovatch, Sergei, Ilyich uhttps://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/49236/