01186nas a2200229 4500008004100000022002500041245017400066210006900240260001500309300001200324490000900336520040100345653002000746653001400766653001600780653001600796100002300812700002000835700002000855700002000875856006100895 2022 eng d a1175-5334, 1175-532600aThe millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893. VII. Petra sierwaldae, n. gen., n. sp., a minute millipede from Idaho, USA (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striariidae)0 amillipede family Striariidae Bollman 1893 VII iPetra sierwaldaei c25/11/2022 a287-2930 v52133 a

Petra sierwaldae, n. gen., n. sp. is described from males and females collected at four localities in Kootenai County, Idaho, USA. The new genus is defined by its unique gonopod and ninth leg anatomy, a notched collum and single ommatidium on each side of the head, and lacking third coxal flasks as well as having modified fifth coxae.  

10aKootenai County10anew genus10anew species10aStriariinae1 aShear, William, A.1 aMarek, Paul, E.1 aBond, Jason, E.1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://www.mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.5213.3.601532nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245010700055210006900162260001500231300000800246490000600254520092200260100001701182700002001199700002201219700002201241700002001263856005501283 2022 eng d a2375-254800aA previously unknown feeding mode in millipedes and the convergence of fluid feeding across arthropods0 apreviously unknown feeding mode in millipedes and the convergenc c16/02/2022 a1-90 v83 a

We report fluid feeding with a sucking pump in the arthropod class Diplopoda, using a combination of synchrotron tomography, histology, electron microscopy, and three-dimensional reconstructions. Within the head of nine species of the enigmatic Colobognatha, we found a pumping chamber, which acts as positive displacement pump and is notably similar to that of insects, showing even fine structural convergences. The sucking pump of these millipedes works together with protractible mouthparts and externally secreted saliva for the acquisition of liquid food. Fluid feeding is one of the great evolutionary innovations of terrestrial arthropods, and our study suggests that it evolved with similar biomechanical solutions convergent across all major arthropod taxa. While fluid-feeding insects are megadiverse today, it remains unclear why other lineages, such as Colobognatha, are comparably species poor.

1 aMoritz, Leif1 aBorisova, Elena1 aHammel, Jörg, U.1 aBlanke, Alexander1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abm057702321nas a2200241 4500008004100000245009600041210006900137260001500206300001200221490000700233520159600240653001901836653001801855653000801873653001701881653003301898653000901931653001501940653001801955100001701973700002001990856006902010 2021 eng d00aA tarsal spinning organ in glomeridesmid millipedes (Diplopoda: Pentazonia: Glomeridesmida)0 atarsal spinning organ in glomeridesmid millipedes Diplopoda Pent c18/10/2021 a555-5670 v793 a

The production of sticky threads from spinnerets is known from various myriapod groups including some representatives of the millipedes (Diplopoda). In Diplopoda the thread-producing glands are mostly seta-like and positioned terminally on the telson, and the secretion product is typically used to build molting chambers or egg sacs. So far, no such secretions or organs have been documented for the subgroup Pentazonia. Here we describe thread-producing glands from the species-poor Glomeridesmida. These putative spinning organs are single circular fields of small pores (spinning fields) positioned on the outer side of the tarsi of all walking legs of mature and juvenile individuals of both sexes. These pores are the openings of cuticular tubuli (conducting canals), which extend from the tarsus to an aggregation of cells, a putative gland, within the femur. In several specimens thin threads were observed to be extruded from the pores. The tarsal spinning fields are present in all 21 investigated Glomeridesmida morphospecies, including Termitodesmidae and Glomeridesmidae from South East Asia, the Indian subcontinent, Oceania, and South and Central America. These organs might constitute an apomorphic character of the Glomeridesmida, as similar organs are absent in other Myriapoda. The function of the extruded threads in Glomeridesmida remains speculative, because observations of living specimens of the group are almost non-existing. We suggest that the secretion might be used for defense, to build molting chambers or to secure tunnels burrowed in the substrate.

10aexocrine gland10aGlomeridesmus10aleg10aLimacomorpha10aScanning electron microscopy10asilk10aspinnerets10aTermitodesmus1 aMoritz, Leif1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://arthropod-systematics.arphahub.com/article/70002/list/8/01990nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245012300055210006900178260001500247300001200262490000800274520123800282653001701520653001201537653001401549653001801563653001501581100002201596700002001618700001701638700002001655856007301675 2021 eng d a2118-977300aIntegrative description of new giant pill-millipedes from southern Thailand (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Zephroniidae)0 aIntegrative description of new giant pillmillipedes from souther c11/08/2021 a108-1320 v7623 a

Two new species of giant pill-millipedes, Zephronia viridisoma Rosenmejer & Wesener sp. nov. and Sphaerobelum aesculus Rosenmejer & Wesener sp. nov., are described based on museum samples from southern Thailand. Zephronia viridisoma sp. nov. comes from Khao Lak, while the type locality of S. aesculus sp. nov. is on Phuket Island. Both species are described integratively, combining light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, multi-layer photography, micro-CT scans and genetic barcoding. Genetic barcoding was successfully conducted for holotypes of both new species, which could be added to a dataset of all published sequences of the family Zephroniidae, including all described species from Thailand, Laos and Cambodia up to 2020. Genetic barcoding of the COI gene revealed another female of S. aesculus sp. nov., 160 km east of the type locality. Both new species are genetically distant from all other Zephroniidae from Thailand and surrounding countries, showing uncorrected p-distances of 16.8–23.1%. A virtual cybertype of a paratype of Z. viridisoma sp. nov. was created and made publically accessible.

10abiodiversity10aCT scan10acybertype10aDNA barcoding10aSoil fauna1 aRosenmejer, Trine1 aEnghoff, Henrik1 aMoritz, Leif1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/view/145701949nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245011900055210006900174260001500243300001000258490000800268520128200276653001401558653001101572653001301583653001301596653001201609100001701621700002001638856007301658 2021 eng d a2118-977300aElectrocambalidae fam. nov., a new family of Cambalidea from Cretaceous Burmese amber (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida)0 aElectrocambalidae fam nov a new family of Cambalidea from Cretac c17/06/2021 a22-460 v7553 a

A new family, Electrocambalidae fam. nov. of the suborder Cambalidea is described from Cretaceous Burmese amber based on two new genera, Electrocambala gen. nov. and Kachincambala gen. nov. with four new species, Electrocambala ornata gen. et sp. nov., E. cretacea gen. et sp. nov., Kachincambala muelleri gen. et sp. nov. and K. distorta gen. et sp. nov. The specimens are described combining classical light microscopy with drawings and photography, and modern micro-computed tomography (μCT). Morphological characters otherwise obscured are examined and visualized by creating volume renderings and 3D-segmentations from μCT data. Electrocambalidae fam. nov. is characterized by the following character combination: (1) a forward shift of leg pair 3, resulting in an apparently legless 3rd body ring, (2) presence of metazonital setae, and (3) extensive pilosity on the head. Although some of these characters are shared with other Juliformia they are unique in this combination. The described fossils are the oldest and first Mesozoic Spirostreptida and Cambalidea known and ca 70 million years older than previous records of the group.

10aEvolution10afossil10agonopods10amicro-CT10aMyanmar1 aMoritz, Leif1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/view/139703013nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245016400055210006900219260001500288300000900303490000800312520227500320653001502595653002102610653001802631653001902649653001102668100002002679700002302699856007302722 2021 eng d a2118-977300aSeven new giant pill-millipede species and numerous new records of the genus Zoosphaerium from Madagascar (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Arthrosphaeridae)0 aSeven new giant pillmillipede species and numerous new records o c06/07/2021 a1-480 v7583 a

Seven new species of the giant pill-millipede genus Zoosphaerium Pocock, 1895 are described from Madagascar: Z. nigrum sp. nov., Z. silens sp. nov., Z. ambatovaky sp. nov., Z. beanka sp. nov., Z. voahangy sp. nov., Z. masoala sp. nov. and Z. spinopiligerum sp. nov. All species are described based on drawings and scanning electron microscopy, while genetic barcoding of the COI gene was successful for six of the seven new species. Additional COI barcode information is provided for the first time for Z. album Wesener, 2009 and Z. libidinosum (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897). Zoosphaerium nigrum sp. nov. and Z. silens sp. nov. belong to the Z. libidinosum species-group, Z. ambatovaky sp. nov. to the Z. coquerelianum species-group, Z. beanka sp. nov., Z. voahangy sp. nov. and Z. masoala sp. nov. to the Z. platylabum species-group and Z. spinopiligerum sp. nov. to the Z. piligerum species-group. Updated identification keys are provided for each species-group. Two western dry forest species, Z. silens sp. nov. and Z. voahangy sp. nov. are recorded from two localities, while the other five species are currently only known from their type localities. Of special conservation concern might be Z. ambatovaky sp. nov. from the lowland rainforest fragment of Ambatovaky, a nowadays isolated lowland rainforest, rapidly shrinking due to slash and burn agriculture. In addition to the new species, new locality data is provided for 11 species and numerous unidentifiable species of Zoosphaerium: Z. neptunus (Butler, 1872), Z. platylabum (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1902) and Z. piligerum (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897) from the central eastern montane forests, as well as Z. ambrense Wesener, 2009, Z. aureum Wesener, 2009, Z. libidinosum, Z. corystoides Wesener, 2009, Z. discolor Wesener, 2009, Z. smaragdinum Wesener, 2009, Z. villosum Wesener & Sierwald, 2005 and Microsphaerotherium anjozorobe Wesener, 2009.

10adry forest10aforest fragments10aMicroendemism10asoil arthropod10aTsingy1 aWesener, Thomas1 aSagorny, Christina uhttps://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/view/142302090nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245011400055210006900169260001500238300001200253490000900265520138900274653001701663653001001680653001901690653001901709653001901728100002001747700002901767700001701796856004701813 2021 eng d a1313-298900aDescription of the first species of Glomeridesmida from Thailand (Diplopoda, Glomeridesmida, Glomeridesmidae)0 aDescription of the first species of Glomeridesmida from Thailand c16/03/2021 a137-1560 v10243 a

With three genera and 35 previously known species from India, SE Asia, Central and South America, Glomeridesmida are one of the least diverse Diplopoda groups. Here we describe Glomeridesmus siamensis sp. nov., the first species of the order Glomeridesmida from Thailand. The geographically nearest confamiliar species have been described from southern India, Sumatra and Java. The species is described combining photographs, light- and scanning electron microscopy of mature and younger males, females and juveniles. Several characters are illustrated for the first time for an Asian representative of the family Glomeridesmidae. In addition to the type locality of G. siamensis sp. nov. from Krabi province, locality data of unidentified Glomeridesmus from Thailand are also given. These data are providing further evidence that the Glomeridesmida are not uncommon, but overlooked as they are small and difficult to collect. The unusual telopods and other morphological characters of G. siamensis sp. nov. differ considerably from the few Glomeridesmus males described from Central and South America as well as from India, but the unclear status of two generic names available for species from Indonesia prevents us from adding another generic name to this small and understudied order.

10abiodiversity10aKrabi10alimestone hill10asoil arthropod10aSoutheast Asia1 aWesener, Thomas1 aWongthamwanich, Nattarin1 aMoritz, Leif uhttps://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/63678/02725nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245013700055210006900192260001500261300000900276520198900285653002602274653001302300653001302313653001602326653001402342100001702356700002202373700002202395700002002417856005802437 2021 eng d a1077-830600aFirst steps toward suctorial feeding in millipedes: Comparative morphology of the head of the Platydesmida (Diplopoda: Colobognatha)0 aFirst steps toward suctorial feeding in millipedes Comparative m c04/02/2021 a1-213 a

Although most millipedes (Diplopoda) show a biting–chewing feeding mode, representatives of the so‐called Colobognatha (Platydesmida, Polyzoniida, Siphonocryptida, Siphonophorida), with their more or less reduced mouthparts, are assumed to have evolved a suctorial feeding mode, which enables them to exploit food sources like algal film and fungi hyphae. The Platydesmida are viewed as the key taxon for the understanding of mouthpart adaptations in Colobognatha, as their mouthpart elements still closely resemble those of biting–chewing millipedes. Studies of the skeletomuscular system of the Platydesmida are rare, impeding further understanding of the mouthpart evolution in millipedes. To overcome this impediment in the understanding of millipede evolution, we study the internal morphology of the head in specimens from four genera of Platydesmida: Brachycybe lecontii, Dolistenus spp., Gosodesmus claremontus, and Pseudodesmus spp. Although all Platydesmida show similarly structured skeletal elements and accompanying musculature, they are distinct from all other Diplopoda. Their head lacks eyes and organs of Tömösváry, and is pyriform and posteriorly bulging, overlapping the collum. The narrow mandibles are hidden underneath the broad genae. A previously described gnathochilarial postmentum is absent. Muscle attachment sites, such as the transverse mandibular tendon and the median septum, are reduced. The strong modifications of the head capsule, mandibles, and musculature limit the movability of the mandible for biting–chewing motions based on simulations of possible gape angles. Platydesmida likely show a scraping and slurping feeding mode, which is facilitated by the comparably well‐developed pharyngeal dilator muscles. We suggest that the Platydesmida show an intermediate state between the biting–chewing millipedes and the other suctorially feeding Colobognatha.

10aFunctional morphology10amandible10amicro-CT10amusculature10atentorium1 aMoritz, Leif1 aBlanke, Alexander1 aHammel, Jörg, U.1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ivb.1231202534nas a2200301 4500008004100000022001400041245008400055210006900139260001500208300001200223490000800235520159100243653001001834653001301844653001601857653001101873653001001884653001401894653001401908653001901922100001801941700002101959700002001980700002002000700001802020700002002038856017402058 2020 eng d a0035-418X00aAn annotated list of the millipede (Diplopoda) species described by Johann Carl0 aannotated list of the millipede Diplopoda species described by J c04/06/2020 a183-2400 v1273 a

Johann Carl described 390 species or subspecies of millipedes during his long career at the Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève, studying specimens collected on his own expeditions and on those of other, mainly Swiss, naturalists. The type specimens deposited in Geneva are enumerated, and the type specimens that could be located in other collections in other museums are reported. Lectotypes are designated for 17 species: Brachyspirobolus aequatorialis (Carl, 1909), Carlopeltis alatus (Carl, 1914), Mastigorhacus alatus (Carl, 1912), Salpidobolus annulipes (Carl, 1912), Erythrhacus arietis (Carl, 1912), Argentocricus bernardinensis (Carl, 1918), Trigoniulus bitaeniatus Carl, 1912, Desmocricus conjunctus Carl, 1918, Polylepis elberti Carl, 1912, Trigoniulus incommodus Carl, 1912, Stenobolus insularis Carl, 1918, Salpidobolus lateralis (Carl, 1912), Dinematocricus lombokensis (Carl, 1912), Prepodesmus longipes (Carl, 1913), Arostrophus mertoni (Carl, 1912), Salpidobolus moenensis (Carl, 1912) and Eucarlia velox (Carl, 1912). Polydesmus carli nom. nov. is introduced as a replacement name for Polydesmus japonicus Carl, 1902, a junior homonym of Polydesmus japonicus Peters, 1864. Odontopyge johanncarli nom. nov. is introduced as a replacement name for Odontopyge fasciata Carl, 1905, a junior homonym of Odontopyge fasciata Attems, 1896.

10aBasel10aColombia10aEast Africa10aGeneva10aIndia10aIndonesia10aJean Carl10atype catalogue1 aHollier, John1 aStöckli, Eduard1 aWesener, Thomas1 aMesibov, Robert1 aDecker, Peter1 aSierwald, Petra uhttps://bioone.org/journals/revue-suisse-de-zoologie/volume-127/issue-1/RSZ.0015/An-annotated-list-of-the-millipede-Diplopoda-species-described-by/10.35929/RSZ.0015.full01978nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245017600055210006900231260001500300300001000315490000700325520122700332653001701559653001401576653001501590653001401605653001301619100002001632700002001652700002901672856004701701 2008 eng d a1445-522600aPachybolini – a tribe of giant Afrotropical millipedes: arguments for monophyly and the description of a new genus from Madagascar (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Pachybolidae)0 aPachybolini a tribe of giant Afrotropical millipedes arguments f c18/03/2008 a37-530 v223 a

Madabolus, gen. nov. is described to accommodate M. maximus, sp. nov. (type species) from several localities in western Madagascar. A phylogenetic analysis of 26 spirobolidan taxa, based on morphological characters, places Madabolus, gen. nov. with the Afrotropical genera Pelmatojulus de Saussure, 1860; Pachybolus Cook, 1897; Hadrobolus Cook, 1897 and Epibolus Cook, 1897. The tribe Pachybolini is proposed to include Madabolus, gen. nov. and the four abovementioned genera. Putative autapomorphies of Pachybolini are: a closed incisura lateralis; setae of gnathochilarial lamella lingualis apical; vulva kidney- or crescent-shaped, with valves meeting in a sinuous fissure and crest protruding. Within Pachybolini, Pelmatojulus (West Africa) stands out by virtue of an increased number of apical antennal sensory cones, with great probability an apomorphy. Madabolus, gen. nov. and east African genera of the tribe share another potential synapomorphy, namely, an increased number of setae on the gnathochilarial lamellae linguales. Other Malagasy genera of Pachybolidae do not seem to be related to Afrotropical genera.

10abiogeography10aMadabolus10amorphology10aphylogeny10aTaxonomy1 aWesener, Thomas1 aEnghoff, Henrik1 aWägele, Johann-Wolfgang uhttp://www.publish.csiro.au/?paper=IS0700802141nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245011100055210006900166260001500235300001200250490000800262520147000270653001701740653002101757653002801778653001901806653001701825100002001842856007301862 2020 eng d a2118-977300aDichromatobolus, a new genus of spirobolidan millipedes from Madagascar (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae)0 aiDichromatobolusi a new genus of spirobolidan millipedes from Ma c12/10/2020 a107-1200 v7203 a

A new genus, Dichromatobolus gen. nov., belonging to the genus-rich mainly southern hemisphere family Pachybolidae of the order Spirobolida, is described based on D. elephantulus gen. et sp. nov., illustrated with color pictures, line drawings, and scanning electron micrographs. The species is recorded from the spiny bush of southwestern Madagascar. Dichromatobolus elephantulus gen. et sp. nov. shows an unusual color pattern, sexual dichromatism with males being red with black legs and females being grey. Males seem to be more surface active, as mainly males were collected with pitfall traps. Females mainly come from the pet trade. The body of this species is short and very wide, being only 8 times longer than wide in the males. Live observations show the species is a very slow mover, digging in loose soil almost as fast as walking on the surface. The posterior gonopods of Dichromatobolus gen. nov. are unusually simple and well-rounded, displaying some similarities to the genera Corallobolus Wesener, 2009 and Granitobolus Wesener, 2009, from which the new genus differs in numerous other characters, e.g., size, anterior gonopods and habitus. Despite several attempts with fresh tissue samples and different primers, molecular barcoding did not work for Dichromatobolus gen. nov. Any relationships to the other 15 genera of Pachybolidae indigenous to Madagascar remain unknown.

10abiodiversity10aMahafaly Plateau10asexual color dimorphism10asoil arthropod10aspiny forest1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/view/111906974nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245013000055210006900185260001500254300001200269490000700281520623500288653002306523653001606546653001506562653001806577653002506595100002406620700002006644700001806664856006206682 2020 eng d a1662-251000aVegetation thresholds for the occurrence of millipedes (Diplopoda) in different tropical forest types in Andasibe, Madagascar0 aVegetation thresholds for the occurrence of millipedes Diplopoda c01/07/2020 a19–260 v153 a

Abstract: Forest clearance, especially in the tropics, leads to habitat loss for many organisms including litter-dwelling arthropods. Among other invertebrates, millipedes (Diplopoda) provide important ecosystem services like decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. Despite their importance, little is known about litter inverte-brates' response to tropical forest degradation and their role in reforestation. The present article should rather be regarded as a review of millipedes' occurrence in tropical forests with a pilot study from Madagascar, because the sample size is small and results need to be confirmed. This pilot study investigated the relationship between millipedes and vegetation characteristics in the eastern rainforests of Madagascar, in the region of Andasibe, parts of which are undergoing reforestation.

Vegetation characteristics were measured in ten different forests encompassing different types: remnant rainforest, secondary forest, old Eucalyptus plantations, recently enriched with indigenous tree species, and degraded sites. Millipede species were searched by hand, identified and their occurrence in relation to the environmental characteristics was described. Vegetation characteristics differed between forest types. Old Eucalyptus plantations, secondary forest, and primary rainforest were associated with higher litter depth and more native millipede species than degraded sites and forests afforested with native tree species since 2007. Non-native millipedes occurred in all vegetation formations except the primary rainforest site and did not show any relationship with vegetation characteristics. In contrast, native milli-pedes' occurrence was related to conditions associated with mature forest, such as high litter depth and high foliage cover. Logistic regression revealed a threshold of litter depth above which native millipedes are likely to occur. The results indicate that native milli-pedes are affected by forest degradation and are incompletely restored even when the afforested forest might approach the original state. Special care should be taken during reforestation efforts, as non-native soil arthropods can be introduced, completely replacing the indigenous biota.

Resumé: Les conséquences de la déforestation globale sont multiples. Pour la plupart des organismes, la déforestation est la cause principale de la destruction des habitats. Les arthropodes qui vivent sur le sol forestier ou dans le feuillage sont ainsi menacés, surtout dans les forêts tropicales. Ces organismes sont pourtant indispensables au maintien de la résilience de la forêt. Dans l’écosystème forestier, les millepattes et autres arthropodes sont très importants pour la mise à disposition de différents services écosystémiques, par exemple pour leur rôle dans le cycle des éléments nutritifs, la formation des sols et la décomposition. Malgré leur importance, peu d’informations sont disponibles sur la réaction des invertébrés suite à la dégradation des forêts et leur rôle dans la reforestation.

Cette étude tient surtout lieu de révision de l’occurrence des millepattes dans les forêts tropicales avec une étude pilote menée à Madagascar, dans la mesure où l'échantillonnage est réduit et que les résultats restent partiels. Cette étude pilote analyse les relations entre les millepattes et les caractéristiques végétales dans les forêts de l’Est de Madagascar, dans la région d’Andasibe. Ces forêts sont très diverses et dix types de forêt ont été considérés, à savoir une forêt récemment dégradée et une forêt dégradée, une forêt dégradée et reboisée avec des espèces arborées indigènes en 2007, 2012 ou 2015, des plantations d’Eucalyptus abandonnées depuis 1930 ou 1909, deux forêts secondaires, une forêt primaire. Dans ces différents types de forêt, les caractéristiques de la végétation ont été enregistrées et des millepattes ont été récoltés à la main. Les espèces de millepattes ont été identifiées et leur occurrence ont été analysées par rapport aux caractéristiques de la végétation. Les vieilles plantations d’Eucalyptus et les forêts secondaire et primaire étaient caractérisées par une couche plus épaisse de feuilles et davantage d’espèces de millepattes indigènes par rapport aux forêts dégradée et replantée. Les espèces allogènes étaient présentes dans tous les types de forêt à l’exception de la forêt primaire. La présence de ces espèces n’était pas liée aux caractéristiques de la végétation. En revanche, l’occurrence des espèces indigènes était associée à des conditions qui sont caractéristiques des forêts matures, par exemple une couche de feuilles épaisse et une couverture foliaire dense. L’analyse de régression logistique a révélé une valeur seuil pour la hauteur de la couche de feuilles mortes. Au-delà de ce seuil, il est probable que les millepattes indigènes soient présents. L’étude a montré que les millepattes indigènes sont impactés par la déforestation et qu’ils ne sont pas facilement restaurés même si la restauration semble permettre à la forêt de se rapprocher de son état initial.

 

10aintroduced species10aleaf litter10amillipedes10areforestation10avegetation threshold1 aSpelzhausen, Lea, R1 aWesener, Thomas1 aSchütte, Kai uhttps://www.journalmcd.com/index.php/mcd/article/view/71202819nas a2200205 4500008004100000245016200041210006900203300001000272490000800282520204400290653002202334653002102356653001302377653002302390653001402413100001702427700002002444700001702464856013202481 2018 eng d00aAn apparently non-swinging tentorium in the Diplopoda (Myriapoda): comparative morphology of the tentorial complex in giant pill-millipedes (Sphaerotheriida)0 aapparently nonswinging tentorium in the Diplopoda Myriapoda comp a77-910 v7413 a

The presence of a swinging tentorium is a key apomorphy of Myriapoda, but this character has been studied in detail in only few species. Here the tentorium, i.e., the peristomatic skeleton of the preoral chamber, is comparatively studied in three species of the millipede order Sphaerotheriida Brandt, 1833. Since dissections of the fragile tentorial components proved to be difficult, despite the large head size, they were analysed mainly in situ via micro-computed tomography. Our results confirm previous observations of large differences in the tentorial construction in the giant pill-millipedes compared to chilognathan diplopods. The tentorium of Sphaerotheriida consists of a curved, plate-like epipharyngeal bar with distal projections, an elongate and thin hypopharyngeal bar, and a plate-like triangular posterior process; a transverse bar is absent. Only seven muscles attach at the tentorium in giant pill-millipedes, including two antennal muscles and two muscles of the gnathochilarium. Within the order Sphaerotheriida, the composition of the tentorium and its muscular equipment seems to be conserved, except for some variability in the shape of the epipharyngeal bar. As the transverse bar has been considered essential for the mobility of the tentorium in myriapods, its absence in Sphaerotheriida may indicate that their tentorium is not capable of performing a swing. Loss of tentorial mobility may also pertain to the order Glomerida Brandt, 1833, inferred here from the absence of a posterior process. An apparently immobile tentorium in Glomerida and Sphaerotheriida can straightforwardly be correlated with transformations of the head related to their ability of volvation. The different transformations of the tentorium, here hypothesised to cause immobility, may support current assumptions that the ability of volvation evolved convergently in Glomerida and Sphaerotheriida. This conclusion, however, still requires more detailed studies of the head anatomy in Glomerida and Glomeridesmida Cook, 1895.

10a3D-reconstruction10aArthrosphaeridae10amicro-CT10aswinging tentorium10avolvation1 aMoritz, Leif1 aWesener, Thomas1 aKoch, Markus uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/apparently-non-swinging-tentorium-diplopoda-myriapoda-comparative-morphology-tentorial02028nas a2200145 4500008004100000245020500041210006900246300000900315490000700324520137900331100002001710700001701730700001501747856012001762 2019 eng d00aThe first record of the dwarf pill millipede Geoglomeris subterranea Verhoeff, 1908 in western Germany (Diplopoda, Glomerida) and the associated Myriapoda fauna of the Quirrenbach (Siebengebirge, NRW)0 afirst record of the dwarf pill millipede Geoglomeris subterranea a9-150 v313 a

The Quirrenbach, a forest site at the eastern edge of the Siebengebirge nature region in the southern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, is covered by an alluvial forest with slopes upwards towards a street. From 2011 to 2017 the site was subject to yearly spring excursions by the arthropod class taught at the Museum Koenig, Bonn, where myriapods were hand-collected and soil samples were extracted via the Berlese method. The site yielded specimens of all classes of the Myriapoda: Symphyla, Pauropoda, Chilopoda and Diplopoda, with one species of Pauropoda, 16 species of Chilopoda and 15 species of Diplopoda being determined to species-level in 2017. In addition to the presence of the pauropod Trachypauropus cordatus (Scheller, 1974) in the state, the mainly parthenogenetic dwarf pill millipede Geoglomeris subterranea Verhoeff, 1908 was recorded in Berlese samples for the first time. In Germany, less than a handful of old records of the species exist outside of southern Germany. Here we record G. subterranea for the first time from Germany's second largest and most populous state, North Rhine-Westphalia. Micro-CT scans were taken to illustrate the species. The small size, cryptic habits, and special collection methods needed to record Geoglomeris makes it highly likely that the species is much wider distributed than previously thought.

1 aWesener, Thomas1 aMoritz, Leif1 aBehr, Nils uhttps://www.bmig.org.uk/sites/www.bmig.org.uk/files/bulletin/BullBMIG31%282019%2909-15_Wesener-etal_Geoglomeris.pdf01924nas a2200217 4500008004100000245012000041210006900161260001200230300001400242490000700256520127800263653001401541653001501555653001401570653001101584653001201595653001301607100002001620700001701640856004901657 2018 eng d00aChecklist of the Myriapoda in Cretaceous Burmese amber and a correction of the Myriapoda identified by Zhang (2017)0 aChecklist of the Myriapoda in Cretaceous Burmese amber and a cor c12/2020 a1131-11400 v143 a

An inventory of the Myriapoda (Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Symphyla) from Cretaceous Burmese amber, Myanmar, is presented, including the oldest and/or first fossil record for numerous orders. For millipedes (Diplopoda) 527 records, including 460 new specimens determined by us, belonging to 13 of 16 recent orders are listed: Polyxenida, Glomeridesmida, Glomerida, Siphonophorida, Polyzoniida, Platydesmida, Siphoniulida, Chordeumatida, Polydesmida, Stemmiulida, Callipodida, Spirostreptida and Spirobolida. For centipedes, 33 records for 4 of the 5 recent orders are listed: Scutigeromorpha, Lithobiomorpha, Scolopendromorpha and Geophilomorpha. For Symphyla, three records for both families, Scutigerellidae and Scolopendrellidae, are listed. The majority of Diplopoda records (30.5%) are Polydesmida. The record of the Polyzoniida includes first instar octopod juveniles. The checklist includes the first fossil representatives known of the Platydesmida, as well as the oldest known fossils of the Polyxenida, Glomeridesmida, Glomerida, Siphonophorida, Polyzoniida, Siphoniulida, Spirostreptida, as well as both Symphyla families. Misidentifications by Zhang (2017) are corrected; while most Chilopoda in that list are correct, almost all Diplopoda are misidentified.

10aChilopoda10aCretaceous10aDiplopoda10afossil10aMyanmar10aSymphyla1 aWesener, Thomas1 aMoritz, Leif uhttps://checklist.pensoft.net/article/30320/02440nas a2200205 4500008004100000245015000041210007100191260001500262300001200277490000700289520167200296653001801968653001401986653001902000653002502019653000902044100001702053700002002070856014402090 2019 eng d00aThe first known fossils of the Platydesmida—an extant American genus in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (Diplopoda: Platydesmida: Andrognathidae)0 afirst known fossils of the Platydesmida—an extant American genus c01/09/2019 a423-4330 v193 a

Millipedes have been inhabiting the earth for more than 400 my and show a great diversity regarding their morphology and ecology. For a better understanding of the timing and pattern of millipede evolution, Burmese amber offers a unique window into the Cretaceous period, ca. 99 Ma. Here, we describe the first known fossil of the colobognathan order Platydesmida, the species Andrognathus burmiticus n. sp. based on 15 specimens from Cretaceous Burmese amber. We combine classical light-microscopy and modern micro-computer tomography (μCT) with computer aided 3D-reconstructions. These non-invasive techniques allow us to describe the fossil millipedes as detailed as is general practice for extant species, and to grant the scientific community open access to the deposited “Cybertypes”. Based on the combination of unique morphological characters such as surface structures, body type, the unique size and shape of tergite 5, the absence of a hypoproct at the anal segment, and detailed gonopod characteristics, the studied fossils can be placed in the family Andrognathidae and the extant genus Andrognathus, which nowadays is restricted to the eastern USA and Mexico with three extant species. Therefore, the minimum age of the genus Andrognathus is pushed to the Cenomanian, 99 Ma. It can be assumed that the genus was much more diverse and wider distributed in the past and migrated between Asia and America via one of the once existing land bridges. These unique fossils prove the unusual relictual distribution of Andrognathus and can serve as key-fossils for the dating of the diplopod phylogeny.

10aBurmese amber10aMigration10aSoutheast Asia10aVirtual paleontology10aμCT1 aMoritz, Leif1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/first-known-fossils-platydesmida%E2%80%94-extant-american-genus-cretaceous-amber-myanmar-diplopoda01821nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245017200055210006900227260001500296300001200311490000700323520102100330653001801351653001501369653001201384653001301396653001901409100001701428700002001445856013801465 2017 eng d a0195-667100aSymphylella patrickmuelleri sp. nov. (Myriapoda: Symphyla): The oldest known Symphyla and first fossil record of Scolopendrellidae from Cretaceous Burmese amber0 aiSymphylella patrickmuellerii sp nov Myriapoda Symphyla The olde c22/12/2017 a258-2630 v843 a

Symphyla are one of the least known of the four classes of the Myriapoda. While Symphyla are dated to have split from the other myriapods at about 430–593 Ma, there are no fossil specimens known aside from seven specimens of the family Scutigerellidae preserved in Dominican and Baltic amber, with a maximum age of ca. 54 Ma. Here we describe the first fossil representative of the second Symphyla family, the Scolopendrellidae, Symphylella patrickmuelleri sp. nov., from Burmese amber (ca. 99 Ma). Utilizing micro-computed tomography (mCT) technology, as well as light microscopy and multi-layer photography, our specimen, despite being juvenile, can be assigned to the genus Symphylella Silvestri, 1902, a species-rich Recent genus that has an almost worldwide distribution. The specimen is preserved after ejecting long threads of silk from its large spinnerets. Our findings show that the recent genera and families of the Symphyla diverged already before the end of the Mesozoic

10aBurmese amber10aCretaceous10aCT scan10aMesozoic10asoil arthropod1 aMoritz, Leif1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/symphylella-patrickmuelleri-sp-nov-myriapoda-symphyla-oldest-known-symphyla-and-first-fossil02167nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245016400055210006900219260001500288300000900303490000800312520144400320653001701764653000801781653002101789653001801810653001201828100001701840700002001857856007201877 2017 eng d a2118-977300aIntegrative description of two new species of Malagasy chirping giant pill-millipedes, genus Sphaeromimus (Diplopoda: Sphaerotheriida: Arthrosphaeridae)0 aIntegrative description of two new species of Malagasy chirping  c15/12/2017 a1-250 v3813 a

The species-rich giant pill-millipedes (Sphaerotheriida) often represent a microendemic component of Madagascar’s mega-invertebrate fauna. Of the chirping genus Sphaeromimus de Saussure & Zehntner, 1902, ten species have been described. Here, we describe two new species of Sphaeromimus integratively, combining light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, DNA barcoding and micro-CT technology for the first time in a taxonomic description of a giant pill-millipede. S. kalambatritra sp. nov. and S. midongy sp. nov. are the first giant pill-millipedes collected and described from the mountainous rainforests of Kalambatritra and Midongy. Both species show island gigantism compared to their congeners. Our analysis of the mitochondrial COI gene shows that the two species are related to one another with a moderate genetic distance (9.4%), while they are more closely related to an undetermined specimen from the forest of Vevembe (6.3% and 8.4%). They stand in a basal position with S. ivohibe Wesener, 2014 and S. musicus (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897). The four aforementioned species share a high number of stridulation ribs on the male harp. Our micro-CT analysis provides a look into the head of S. kalambatritra sp. nov. and shows that non-destructive CT methods are a useful tool for studying the inner morphology of giant pill-millipedes.

10abiodiversity10aCOI10aisland gigantism10aKalambatritra10aMidongy1 aMoritz, Leif1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/view/50604944nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245014100055210006900196260001500265300001200280490000700292520419400299653001704493653001304510653001504523653001504538653002104553653001604574100002004590700002004610700002004630856005204650 2009 eng d a1313-298900aReview of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of 'fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)0 aReview of the Spirobolida on Madagascar with descriptions of twe c04/09/2009 a1 - 1280 v193 a

Twelve new genera and 37 new species of Spirobolida are described: Corallobolus cruentus gen. n., sp. n., Sanguinobolus maculosus gen. n., sp. n., Colossobolus semicyclus gen. n., sp. n., C. oblongopedus sp. n., C. giganteus sp. n., C. minor sp. n., C. litoralis sp. n., C. aculeatus sp. n., C. pseudoaculeatus sp. n., Zehntnerobolus gen. n., Flagellobolus pauliani gen. n., sp. n., Riotintobolus mandenensis gen. n., sp. n., R. minutus sp. n., R. aridus sp. n., R. anomalus sp. n., Pseudocentrobolus aureus gen. n., sp. n., P. vohibasiensis sp. n., Granitobolus endemicus gen. n., sp. n., G. andohahelensis sp. n., Caprobolus andringitra gen. n., sp. n., Alluviobolus laticlavius gen. n., sp. n., A. tsimelahy sp. n., A. antanosy sp. n., Ostinobolus rufus gen. n., sp. n., O. stellaris sp. n., O. montanus sp. n., O. subterraneus sp. n., and Hylekobolus brachiosauroides gen. n., sp. n., H. rufus sp. n., H. griseus sp. n., H. albicollaris sp. n., H. goodmani sp. n., H. montanus sp. n., H. analavelona sp. n., H. latifrons sp. n., H. andasibensis sp. n., H. marojejy sp. n., H. anjanaharibe sp. n. All genera and species are endemic to Madagascar. Hylekobolus belongs to the family Spirobolellidae, while all other Malagasy genera of Spirobolida belong to the Pachybolidae. Among them, only Zehntnerobolus gen. n. is based on a previously described species: Spirobolus rubripes de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897, whereas the remaining 11 new genera altogether contain (a total of) 37 new species. Three of the new genera are large-bodied “fire millipedes” (>100 mm long) with striking red/black colour patterns. The new discoveries increase the number of endemic Malagasy genera of Spirobolida more than fivefold (from 3 to 15). The number of endemic species recorded from Madagascar has more than doubled (to 61). Body length of the new species varies greatly (between 23 and 170 mm). Keys to all Malagasy Spirobolida families, genera, as well as the newly described species, are provided. Four species, Rhinocricus collaris de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897, Spirobolus grandidieri de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897, Spirobolus olympiaceus Karsch, 1881, and Spirobolus sikorae de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897 are only known from females and are listed as nomina dubia. Some genera occur in the dry or spiny forest as well as in the rainforest ecosystem; species, however, are restricted to a single habitat type. In the rainforest, up to six different genera were collected in the same individual forest. Numerous genera are adapted to a special ecological niche. A high proportion of species are microendemic, often to some tiny, highly endangered forests. Of special conservation concern are the species which occur only in Analavelona, Ambatotsirongorongo, the subhumid, globally unique littoral forest of Petriky and the littoral rainforests of Mandena and Sainte Luce.

10abiogeography10aendemism10aMadagascar10amillipedes10aniche separation10aSpirobolida1 aWesener, Thomas1 aEnghoff, Henrik1 aSierwald, Petra uhttp://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=203704056nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245016400055210006900219260001500288300000900303490000800312520334200320653001703662653001403679653001803693653002403711653001903735653001703754100002003771856004703791 2020 eng d a1313-298900aEcotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae)0 aEcotone shifts in southern Madagascar first barcoding data and s c27/07/2020 a1-290 v9533 a

Six new species of the Spirobolida millipede genus Riotintobolus Wesener, 2009, are described from the spiny forest in southern Madagascar utilising genetic barcoding, drawings and scanning electron microscopy: Riotintobolus tsimelahy sp. nov., R. mangatsiaka sp. nov., R. lavanono sp. nov., R. bovinus sp. nov., R. antafoky sp. nov. and R. makayi sp. nov. One other Riotintobolus population from the spiny forest might represent an additional species based on genetic data, but it cannot be described as no male specimens were collected. At present, the genus Riotintobolus Wesener, 2009 has eight species from the spiny forest and two species from the littoral rainforest. A determination key to all ten species of the genus is provided. Molecular data reveal that the two critically endangered species from the humid littoral rainforest are not closely related to one another, but have their closest relative in the dry spiny forest ecosystem. Riotintobolus mandenensis Wesener, 2009, only known from the southern littoral rainforest of Mandena is related to R. tsimelahy sp. nov. from the nearby spiny forest at Tsimelahy with a p-distance of 11%, while R. minutus Wesener, 2009 from the littoral forest of Sainte Luce is more distant to all other Riotintobolus species, but more closely related to R. bovinus sp. nov. from the southwestern forest of the Makay.

 

10abiodiversity10aDiplopoda10aDNA barcoding10alittoral rainforest10asoil arthropod10aspiny forest1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/53977/01723nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245015600055210006900211260001500280300001200295490000900307520094200316653002201258653001101280653001001291653001501301653001301316100001701329700001901346700002001365700003001385856006601415 2020 eng d a1175-532600aThe millipede family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda, Polyxenida) in the faunas of the Crimean Peninsula and Caucasus, with notes on other European Polyxenidae0 amillipede family Polyxenidae Diplopoda Polyxenida in the faunas  c08/05/2020 a306-3320 v47723 a

The Polyxenidae in the fauna of the Crimeo-Caucasian region is represented by four species: Polyxenus lagurus (Linnaeus, 1758) (= P. lagurus caucasicus Lignau, 1924, syn. n.), Propolyxenus argentifer (Verhoeff, 1921) comb. n. (= P. trivittatus Verhoeff, 1941, = P. sokolowi Lignau, 1924, both syn. n.), a new species, Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n., and an undescribed Polyxenus sp. The distributions of all these species in the region concerned are mapped, based on old and new records. A molecular phylogeny based on COI sequences is used to study the relationship within and among the genera Polyxenus and Propolyxenus from Western Europe to the southern Caucasus. The results highlight the presence of a number of undescribed species of Polyxenus across this region.

10abristly millipede10aCrimea10afauna10aIran fauna10aTaxonomy1 aShort, Megan1 aVahtera, Varpu1 aWesener, Thomas1 aGolovatch, Sergei, Ilyich uhttps://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4772.2.405521nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245019500055210006900250260001500319300000900334490000800343520477600351653001705127653000805144653002305152653001505175653002205190100002005212700002405232856004705256 2020 eng d a1313-298900aThe millipedes collected by the Museum "La Specola" on Madagascar 1989/1991, with the description of three new species of giant pill-millipedes (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Arthrosphaeridae)0 amillipedes collected by the Museum La Specola on Madagascar 1989 c28/04/2020 a3-350 v9303 a

A large collection of millipedes (Diplopoda) from Madagascar, belonging to the Museum “La Specola” in Florence, Italy were investigated. The collection includes three new species of the giant pill-millipede genus Zoosphaerium Pocock, 1895 which are described here as Zoosphaerium mangabe Wesener, sp. nov., Z. bartolozzii Anilkumar & Wesener, sp. nov., and Z. taitii Anilkumar & Wesener, sp. nov., all belonging to the Z. coquerelianum species group. The latter two are currently only known from a single site. Other specimens belonging to eight orders (Polyxenida, Sphaerotheriida, Polyzoniida, Siphonophorida, Chordeumatida, Polydesmida, Spirobolida, and Spirostreptida) are listed. Three tropical tramp species, Pseudospirobolellus avernus (Butler, 1876), Glyphiulus granulatus Gervais, 1847, and Chondromorpha xanthotricha (Attems, 1898) are recorded for the first time from Madagascar. New locality data is provided for Zoosphaerium neptunus (Butler, 1872), Z. villosum Wesener & Sierwald, 2005, Z. blandum (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897), Sphaeromimus musicus (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897), Rhinotus purpureus (Pocock, 1894), Hylekobolus andasibensis Wesener, 2009, Aphistogoniulus infernalis Wesener, 2009, Ostinobolus rufus Wesener, 2009, Ostinobolus subterraneus Wesener, 2009, Dactylobolus bivirgatus (Karsch, 1881), and Eumekius antimena (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1901).

10abiodiversity10aCOI10aintroduced species10aMadagascar10amuseum collection1 aWesener, Thomas1 aAnilkumar, Pooja, A uhttps://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47620/02496nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245008400055210006900139260001500208300001000223490000800233520180800241653002802049653002502077653001702102653001702119653001302136100002002149700003002169700002002199856004702219 2020 eng d a1313-298900aSome new or poorly-known Zephroniidae (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida) from Vietnam0 aSome new or poorlyknown Zephroniidae Diplopoda Sphaerotheriida f c28/04/2020 a37-600 v9303 a

Three new species of the giant pill-millipede family Zephroniidae are described from southern Vietnam: Sphaerobelum pumatense sp. nov., Sphaeropoeus honbaensis sp. nov. and Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov. Two species, Sphaerobelum bicorne Attems, 1938 and Sphaeropoeus maculatus (Verhoeff, 1924), are redescribed, the former from new material, the latter from type material with lectotype designation. A new transfer is proposed: Zephronia manca Attems, 1936, to the genus Sphaeropoeus Brandt, 1833, giving the new combination, Sphaeropoeus manca (Attems, 1936) comb. nov.

 

10abiological observations10agiant pill-millipede10aSphaerobelum10aSphaeropoeus10aTaxonomy1 aSemenyuk, Irina1 aGolovatch, Sergei, Ilyich1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47742/02096nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245017400055210006900229260001500298300001000313490000800323520127700331653001201608653001701620653000801637653002201645100002001667700002401687700001801711700002301729700001801752700002001770856005201790 2015 eng d a1313-298900aFirst results of the German Barcode of Life (GBOL) – Myriapoda project: Cryptic lineages in German Stenotaenia linearis (Koch, 1835) (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha)0 aFirst results of the German Barcode of Life GBOL Myriapoda proje c30/06/2015 a15-290 v5103 a

As part of the German Barcode of Life (GBOL) Myriapoda program, which aims to sequence the COI barcoding fragment for 2000 specimens of Germany’s 200 myriapod species in the near future, 44 sequences of the centipede order Geophilomorpha are analyzed. The analyses are limited to the genera Geophilus Leach, 1814 and Stenotaenia Koch, 1847 and include a total of six species. A special focus is Stenotaenia, of which 19 specimens from southern, western and eastern Germany could be successfully sequenced. The Stenotaenia data shows the presence of three to four vastly different (13.7–16.7% p-distance) lineages of the genus in Germany. At least two of the three lineages show a wide distribution across Germany, only the lineage including topotypes of S. linearis shows a more restricted distribution in southern Germany. In a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis the Italian species S. ‘sorrentina’ (Attems, 1903) groups with the different German S. linearis clades. The strongly different Stenotaenia linearis lineages within Germany, independent of geography, are a strong hint for the presence of additional, cryptic Stenotaenia species in Germany.

10abarcode10abiodiversity10aCOI10acryptic diversity1 aWesener, Thomas1 aVoigtländer, Karin1 aDecker, Peter1 aOeyen, Jan, Philip1 aSpelda, Jörg1 aLindner, Norman uhttp://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=551402851nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245019900055210006900254260001500323300001200338490000800350520200200358653001202360653001702372653000802389653002202397653002302419100002002442700002402462700001802486700002302504700001802527856005202545 2016 eng d a1313-298900aBarcoding of Central European Cryptops centipedes reveals large interspecific distances with ghost lineages and new species records from Germany and Austria (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha)0 aBarcoding of Central European iCryptopsi centipedes reveals larg c16/02/2016 a21 - 460 v5643 a

In order to evaluate the diversity of Central European Myriapoda species in the course of the German Barcode of Life project, 61 cytochrome c oxidase I sequences of the genus Cryptops Leach, 1815, a centipede genus of the order Scolopendromorpha, were successfully sequenced and analyzed. One sequence of Scolopendra cingulata Latreille, 1829 and one of Theatops erythrocephalus Koch, 1847 were utilized as outgroups. Instead of the expected three species (C. parisi Brolemann, 1920; C. anomalans Newport, 1844; C. hortensis (Donovan, 1810)), analyzed samples included eight to ten species. Of the eight clearly distinguishable morphospecies of Cryptops, five (C. parisi; C. croaticus Verhoeff, 1931; C. anomalans; C. umbricus Verhoeff, 1931; C. hortensis) could be tentatively determined to species level, while a further three remain undetermined (one each from Germany, Austria and Croatia, and Slovenia). Cryptops croaticus is recorded for the first time from Austria. A single specimen (previously suspected as being C. anomalans), was redetermined as C. umbricus Verhoeff, 1931, a first record for Germany. All analyzed Cryptops species are monophyletic and show large genetic distances from one another (p-distances of 13.7–22.2%). Clear barcoding gaps are present in lineages represented by >10 specimens, highlighting the usefulness of the barcoding method for evaluating species diversity in centipedes. German specimens formally assigned to C. parisi are divided into three clades differing by 8.4–11.3% from one another; their intra-lineage genetic distance is much lower at 0–1.1%. The three clades are geographically separate, indicating that they might represent distinct species. Aside from C. parisi, intraspecific distances of Cryptops spp. in Central Europe are low (<3.3%).

10abarcode10abiodiversity10aCOI10acryptic diversity10aintroduced species1 aWesener, Thomas1 aVoigtländer, Karin1 aDecker, Peter1 aOeyen, Jan, Philip1 aSpelda, Jörg uhttp://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=753501074nas a2200157 4500008004100000245020200041210007000243260000900313300001000322490000600332520037500338100002100713700002300734700002000757856013900777 2014 eng d00aWiederentdeckung des Gürtelskolopenders (Chilopoda: Scolopendra cingulata) im Neusiedlersee-Gebiet Österreichs, mit Anmerkungen zum Spinnenläufer (Chilopoda: Scutigera coleoptrata)0 aWiederentdeckung des Gürtelskolopenders Chilopoda iScolopendra c c2014 a63-730 v83 a

Full title: Wiederentdeckung des Gürtelskolopenders (Chilopoda: Scolopendra cingulata) im Neusiedlersee-Gebiet Österreichs, mit Anmerkungen zum Spinnenläufer (Chilopoda: Scutigera coleoptrata) und zum pannonischen Laufkäfer (Coleoptera: Carabus hungaricus) aus demselben Gebiet

 

1 aBöhme, Wolfgang1 aOeyen, Jan, Philip1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/wiederentdeckung-des-g%C3%BCrtelskolopenders-chilopoda-scolopendra-cingulata-im-neusiedlersee02194nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245016500055210006900220260001200289300001400301490000700315520143900322653002601761653001401787653001301801653001701814653002601831100002301857700002001880856007601900 2018 eng d a1467-803900aA first phylogenetic analysis of the pill millipedes of the order Glomerida, with a special assessment of mandible characters (Myriapoda, Diplopoda, Pentazonia)0 afirst phylogenetic analysis of the pill millipedes of the order  c03/2018 a214 - 2280 v473 a

The pill millipedes of the order Glomerida are a moderately diverse group with a classical Holarctic distribution pattern. Their classification is based on a typological system utilizing mainly a single character complex, the male telopods. In order to infer the apomorphies of the Glomerida, to elucidate its position in the Pentazonia, and to test the monophyly of its families and subfamilies, we conduct the first phylogenetic analysis of the order. To provide additional characters, we comparatively analyze the mandible using scanning electron microscopy. The final character matrix consists of 69 characters (11 mandible characters) and incorporates 22 species from 20 of the 34 pill millipede genera, representing all families and subfamilies, except the monotypic Mauriesiinae. Two species from each of the two other Pentazonian orders Sphaerotheriida and Glomeridesmida, as well as two Spirobolida, are included as outgroup taxa. The Glomerida are recovered as monophyletic and are supported by five apomorphies. Within the Pentazonia, the Glomeridesmida are recovered as the sister group to the classical Oniscomorpha (Sphaerotheriida + Glomerida) with weak support. The analysis provides little resolution within the Glomerida, resulting in numerous polytomies. Further morphological characters and/or the addition of molecular analyses are needed to produce a robust phylogenetic classification of the Glomerida.

10aapomorphic characters10aGlomerida10amandible10aOniscomorpha10aphylogenetic analysis1 aOeyen, Jan, Philip1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S146780391830020302208nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245019300055210006900248260001400317300001200331490000800343520145200351653000801803653001401811653001601825653001801841653001101859653001301870100002301883700002001906856005201926 2015 eng d a1313-298900aSteps towards a phylogeny of the pill millipedes: non-monophyly of the family Protoglomeridae, with an integrative redescription of Eupeyerimhoffia archimedis (Diplopoda, Glomerida)0 aSteps towards a phylogeny of the pill millipedes nonmonophyly of c3006/2015 a49 - 640 v5103 a

Eupeyerimhoffia archimedis (Strasser, 1965) is redescribed based on several specimens collected at a number of sites close to the type locality on Sicily, Italy. Scanning electron microscopy is used to illustrate several unusual morphological characters for a member of the Glomerida for the first time. A fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene (668bp) is sequenced for the first time in Eupeyerimhoffia to provide a species-specific barcode and to gain first insights into the genetic distances between the genera in the widespread family Protoglomeridae. The novel sequences are compared to representatives of all other genera of the family: Protoglomeris vasconica (Brölemann, 1897) from northern Spain, the dwarfed Glomerellina laurae Silvestri, 1908 from Italy and Glomeroides primus (Silvestri, 1929) from western North America. The addition of COI sequences from the two other families of the Glomerida renders the family Protoglomeridae paraphyletic with Glomeroides primus being more closely related to Glomeridella minima (Latzel, 1884) than to the other genera in the family. The large genetic distances (13.2–16.8%) between Eupeyerimhoffia and the other genera in the order, as well as its unusual morphological characters, including unique morphological adaptations to roll into a ball, are probably an indication of the old age of the group.

10aCOI10aGlomerida10aintegrative10aredescription10aSicily10aTaxonomy1 aOeyen, Jan, Philip1 aWesener, Thomas uhttp://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=552402447nas a2200169 4500008004100000245016700041210006900208260001500277300001200292490000600304520183000310100002302140700002102163700002102184700002002205856005202225 2014 eng d00aThe Evolutionary History of the Rediscovered Austrian Population of the Giant Centipede Scolopendra cingulata Latreille 1829 (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha)0 aEvolutionary History of the Rediscovered Austrian Population of  c24/09/2014 ae1086500 v93 a

The thermophilous giant centipede Scolopendra cingulata is a voracious terrestrial predator, which uses its modified first leg pair and potent venom to capture prey. The highly variable species is the most common of the genus in Europe, occurring from Portugal in the west to Iran in the east. The northernmost occurrences are in Hungary and Romania, where it abides in small isolated fringe populations. We report the rediscovery of an isolated Austrian population of Scolopendra cingulata with the first explicit specimen records for more than 80 years and provide insights into the evolutionary history of the northernmost populations utilizing fragments of two mitochondrial genes, COI and 16S, comprising 1,155 base pairs. We test the previously proposed hypothesis of a speciation by distance scenario, which argued for a simple range expansion of the species from the southeast, via Romania, Hungary and finally to Austria, based on a comprehensive taxon sampling from seven countries, including the first European mainland samples. We argue that more complex patterns must have shaped the current distribution of S. cingulata and that the Austrian population should be viewed as an important biogeographical relict in a possible microrefugium. The unique haplotype of the Austrian population could constitute an important part of the species genetic diversity and we hope that this discovery will initiate protective measures not only for S. cingulata, but also for its habitat, since microrefugia are likely to host further rare thermophilous species. Furthermore, we take advantage of the unprecedented sampling to provide the first basic insights into the suitability of the COI fragment as a species identifying barcode within the centipede genus Scolopendra.

1 aOeyen, Jan, Philip1 aFunke, Sebastian1 aBöhme, Wolfgang1 aWesener, Thomas uhttp://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.010865001992nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245011600055210006900171260001500240300001200255490000800267520123800275653003101513653003501544653005401579653001501633653001301648100001701661700001701678700002001695856004701715 2019 eng d a1313-298900aDwarfs under dinosaur legs: a new millipede of the order Callipodida (Diplopoda) from Cretaceous amber of Burma0 aDwarfs under dinosaur legs a new millipede of the order Callipod c02/05/2019 a79 - 960 v8413 a

The entire Mesozoic Era is rather poor in millipede (class Diplopoda) fossils, with less than a dozen species being taxonomically described. Here, we describe the first fossil millipede of the order Callipodida, Burmanopetalum inexpectatum gen. nov. et sp. nov., found in early Cenomanian amber of Burma, 98.79±0.62 Mya. The species possesses a number of morphological traits that exclude it from all extant suborders, and Burmanopetalidea suborder nov. and Burmanopetalidae fam. nov. are here erected to accommodate it. The new suborder can be recognized by the following unique characters: pleurotergal setae absent; telson with a specific spatulate shape twice the size of the penultimate body ring; hypoproct devoid of setae; and eyes composed of five well-separated ommatidia. While the callipodidan habitus seems to have remained generally unchanged for at least 99 million years, pleurotergal and hypoproctal setation, as well as the complexity of eyes in ground-dwelling forms may have evolved recently in the order. As B. inexpectatum gen. nov. et sp. nov. is the first true callipodidan in the fossil record, the minimum age of Callipodida is thus at least 99 Mya.

10aBurmanopetalidae fam. nov.10aBurmanopetalidea suborder nov.10aBurmanopetalum inexpectatum gen. nov. et sp. nov.10aCenomanian10aMesozoic1 aStoev, Pavel1 aMoritz, Leif1 aWesener, Thomas uhttps://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/34991/