01528nas a2200217 4500008004100000245012100041210006900162260001900231300001400250490000600264520076600270653001601036653001601052653001401068653001601082653001301098100001701111700002101128700002701149856013401176 2023 eng d00aFirst records of penicillate millipedes (Diplopoda, Polyxenidae) from Thailand, with descriptions of two new species0 aFirst records of penicillate millipedes Diplopoda Polyxenidae fr c20 / 11 / 2023 a514 - 5360 v43 a

Two new species are described from the family Polyxenidae. Monographis panhai sp. nov. and Unixenus thailandicus
sp. nov. represent the first records of their respective genera in Thailand. Monographis panhai sp. nov. shows distinct
morphological differences in the arrangement of sensilla in the antennomere VI, as well as in the structures of the labrum
and the claw. Collections from different areas of Thailand showed that not only is it widespread but also exhibits geographic
variation in morphology. Unixenus thailandicus sp. nov. exhibits sexual dimorphism in the number of conical sensilla on
the lateral palp, with 24 in males and 22 in females, differing from the typical count of 13 within the genus.

10aMonographis10aPenicillata10aphylogeny10aPolyxenidae10aUnixenus1 aHuynh, Cuong1 aVeenstra, Anneke1 aLIKHITRAKARN, NATDANAI uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/first-records-penicillate-millipedes-diplopoda-polyxenidae-thailand-descriptions-two-new00819nas a2200145 4500008004100000245001500041210001500056260001000071520044200081100003100523700002000554700001700574700002200591856006000613 1915 eng d00aMyriapodes0 aMyriapodes aParis3 a

Recommended citation: Brölemann, H. W., Duboscq, O. (ca. 1915): Myriapodes. In: Delage, Y., Hérouard, E. (Eds.). Traité de Zoologie concrète. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.104948

Bibliographic remarks: The Traité de Zoologie concrète was originally planned for 9 volumes. Volumes 4, 6-7, and 9 were never published.

1 aBrölemann, Henry, Wilfred1 aDuboscq, Octave1 aDelage, Yves1 aHérouard, Edgard uhttps://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/10494800937nas a2200121 4500008004100000245006500041210006400106300001000170490000700180520050100187100001800688856010900706 1955 eng d00aLes Diplopodes Pénicillates de l'ambre et la faune actuelle0 aLes Diplopodes Pénicillates de lambre et la faune actuelle a74-780 v793 a

Recommended citation: Condé, B. (1955): Les Diplopodes Pénicillates de l'ambre et la faune actuelle. Bulletin de la Société zoologique de France, 79: 74-78.

Publication date remarks: The publication year in Myriatrix is 1955, following Jeekel (1971: 4). However, if volume 79 was issued in numbers, the year may need to be corrected to 1954, as the work was presented in the meeting on February 23, 1954.

1 aCondé, Bruno uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/les-diplopodes-p%C3%A9nicillates-de-lambre-et-la-faune-actuelle02352nas a2200133 4500008004100000245010700041210007000148300001200218490000800230520178200238100001802020700003502038856014502073 2008 eng d00aClassification actuelle des Diplopodes Pénicillates (Myriapodes) avec nouvelles définitions des taxa0 aClassification actuelle des Diplopodes Pénicillates Myriapodes a a291-3020 v1333 a

Une vue d’ensemble inédite des Pénicillates est publiée ici. Elle complète la description des super-familles et familles de Silvestri (1948a) et propose la subdivision de la famille des Polyxenidae en 4 sous-familles : Polyxeninae, Monographinae, Macroxeninae et Hypogexeninae ; les 3 premières caractérisées par la structure du telson, la quatrième, ayant pour type Hypogexenus pusillus Silvestri, 1903, de statut incertain.

Present classification of Diplopoda Penicillata (Myriapoda), with new definitions of taxa

An overview of the classification of Penicillata is presented, based on an unpublished manuscript written by B. Condé some years before his death, updated to take into account recent work on the group. It revises the descriptions of Silvestri’s (1948a) superfamilies and families, and proposes a subdivision of the family Polyxenidae into four sub-families: Polyxeninae Lucas, 1840, Monographinae Condé nov., Macroxeninae Condé nov. and Hypogexeninae Schubart, 1947. The first three subfamilies are characterised by the structure of the telson, while the fourth is of uncertain status. The creation of a family-rank taxon for the succinctly described species H. pusillus Schubart in 1947 appears unwarranted and we therefore reduce Hypogexenidae to the rank of a subfamily, Hypogexeninae, within the Polyxenidae.

Recommended citation: Condé, B., Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M. (2008): Classification actuelle des Diplopodes Pénicillates (Myriapodes) avec nouvelles définitions des taxa. Bulletin de la Société zoologique de France, 133 (4): 291-302.

1 aCondé, Bruno1 aDuy-Jacquemin, Monique, Nguyen uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/classification-actuelle-des-diplopodes-p%C3%A9nicillates-myriapodes-avec-nouvelles-d%C3%A9finitions03170nam a2200157 4500008004100000022003000041245016100071210006900232260003000301300000800331490000600339520257800345100002702923700002002950856004202970 2011 eng d a9789546425782, 954642578800aAtlas of European Millipedes (Class Diplopoda). Volume 1. Orders Polyxenida, Glomerida, Platydesmida, Siphonocryptida, Polyzoniida, Callipodida, Polydesmida0 aAtlas of European Millipedes Class Diplopoda Volume 1 Orders Pol aSofiabPensoft Publishers a2820 v13 a

This is the first in a series of three books which will, for the first time ever, show the distribution of Europe’s more than 1500 species of millipedes on 50 X 50 km square maps. The present volume includes 492 species, including the tiny, beautiful pincushion millipedes, the colourful pill-millipedes and the flat-backed millipedes. The millipede atlas is the result of many years’ meticulous accumulation of records provided by a large number of contributors from all over Europe, interpretation of label data from collections, and scrutiny of old literature. The atlas builds on the taxonomic backbone provided by the Fauna Europaea project which provides information on names, synonyms and distribution by country or region of non-marine European animals.

The decision to produce a series of atlases showing the distribution of myriapods in Europe was taken by the participants at the Fourth International Congress of Myriapodology held in Gargnano in 1978 and soon after this the project received the full backing of the European Invertebrate Survey. Desmond Kime was designated to assemble the data. Much help has been received from the International Centre of Myriapodology in Paris which is acknowledged in this volume, together with the contributions of many members engaged in research in this field. Early in the 21st Century when Henrik Enghoff was playing a major role in Fauna Europaea the two authors joined forces with a view to making this millipede atlas and Fauna Europaea entirely compatible. It is hoped that this atlas will both stimulate and be a foundation for further studies. In several European countries the distribution and often the ecological requirements of millipedes are quite well understood but in many regions the information is fragmentary, the maps revealing where much remains to be done. There are undoubtedly many more species to discover. As a result of the work already undertaken it has become apparent that millipedes are very good bioindicators, being slow-moving and having particular habitat requirements which are helpful in biogeographical and evolutionary studies.

Recommended citation: Kime, R. D. & H. Enghoff (2011): Atlas of European Millipedes (Class Diplopoda). Volume 1. Orders Polyxenida, Glomerida, Platydesmida, Siphonocryptida, Polyzoniida, Callipodida, Polydesmida. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, 282 pp. ISBN-13: 9789546425782. ISBN-10: 9546425788. https://books.pensoft.net/books/12358

Publication date: 06/2011

 

1 aKime, Richard, Desmond1 aEnghoff, Henrik uhttps://books.pensoft.net/books/1235804216nas a2200565 4500008004100000022001400041245011200055210006900167260001500236300001400251490000700265520256200272653001602834653002402850653001902874653002202893653001602915653001302931653001502944653001802959653002002977653001902997100002303016700002503039700002103064700002103085700002503106700002303131700002503154700003003179700002203209700002803231700002103259700001703280700002503297700002703322700001803349700002203367700002403389700002003413700001503433700002203448700002503470700001903495700001903514700001803533700002303551700001803574856005803592 2022 eng d a1464-793100aFeeding habits and multifunctional classification of soil-associated consumers from protists to vertebrates0 aFeeding habits and multifunctional classification of soilassocia c20/01/2022 a1057-11170 v973 a

Soil organisms drive major ecosystem functions by mineralising carbon and releasing nutrients during decomposition processes, which supports plant growth, aboveground biodiversity and, ultimately, human nutrition. Soil ecologists often operate with functional groups to infer the effects of individual taxa on ecosystem functions and services. Simultaneous assessment of the functional roles of multiple taxa is possible using food-web reconstructions, but our knowledge of the feeding habits of many taxa is insufficient and often based on limited evidence. Over the last two decades, molecular, biochemical and isotopic tools have improved our understanding of the feeding habits of various soil organisms, yet this knowledge is still to be synthesised into a common functional framework. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the feeding habits of consumers in soil, including protists, micro-, meso- and macrofauna (invertebrates), and soil-associated vertebrates. We have integrated existing functional group classifications with findings gained with novel methods and compiled an overarching classification across taxa focusing on key universal traits such as food resource preferences, body masses, microhabitat specialisation, protection and hunting mechanisms. Our summary highlights various strands of evidence that many functional groups commonly used in soil ecology and food-web models are feeding on multiple types of food resources. In many cases, omnivory is observed down to the species level of taxonomic resolution, challenging realism of traditional soil food-web models based on distinct resource-based energy channels. Novel methods, such as stable isotope, fatty acid and DNA gut content analyses, have revealed previously hidden facets of trophic relationships of soil consumers, such as food assimilation, multichannel feeding across trophic levels, hidden trophic niche differentiation and the importance of alternative food/prey, as well as energy transfers across ecosystem compartments. Wider adoption of such tools and the development of open interoperable platforms that assemble morphological, ecological and trophic data as traits of soil taxa will enable the refinement and expansion of the multifunctional classification of consumers in soil. The compiled multifunctional classification of soil-associated consumers will serve as a reference for ecologists working with biodiversity changes and biodiversity?ecosystem functioning relationships, making soil food-web research more accessible and reproducible.

10afatty acids10afeeding preferences10afood resources10afunctional traits10agut content10aomnivory10aSoil fauna10asoil food web10astable isotopes10atrophic guilds1 aPotapov, Anton, M.1 aBeaulieu, Frédéric1 aBirkhofer, Klaus1 aBluhm, Sarah, L.1 aDegtyarev, Maxim, I.1 aDevetter, Miloslav1 aGoncharov, Anton, A.1 aGongalsky, Konstantin, B.1 aKlarner, Bernhard1 aKorobushkin, Daniil, I.1 aLiebke, Dana, F.1 aMaraun, Mark1 aDonnell, Rory, J. Mc1 aPollierer, Melanie, M.1 aSchaefer, Ina1 aShrubovych, Julia1 aSemenyuk, Irina, I.1 aSendra, Alberto1 aTuma, Jiri1 aTůmová, Michala1 aVassilieva, Anna, B.1 aChen, Ting-Wen1 aGeisen, Stefan1 aSchmidt, Olaf1 aTiunov, Alexei, V.1 aScheu, Stefan uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.1283201163nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245007900055210006900134260001500203300001200218490000600230520043300236653001400669653001800683653001500701653001000716653001200726653001800738653001200756653001100768653001300779653001600792100002100808856006800829 2021 eng d a2624-282600aSupplement to the Burmese (Myanmar) amber checklist and bibliography, 20200 aSupplement to the Burmese Myanmar amber checklist and bibliograp c26/02/2021 a57–760 v43 a

This is a supplement to the Burmese (Myanmar) amber checklist and bibliography covering taxa described or recorded during 2020, plus a few earlier records that were missed previously. Up to the end of 2020, 1,859 species were recorded from Kachin amber of which 362 were named in 2020, which is the highest number of species named from any kind of amber in one year. Two species were also named from older Hkamti amber.

10aArachnids10aBurmese amber10aCretaceous10afungi10ainsects10ainvertebrates10aMyanmar10aplants10aprotists10avertebrates1 aRoss, Andrew, J. uhttps://www.mapress.com/pe/article/view/palaeoentomology.4.1.1100952nas a2200133 4500008004100000245010300041210006900144260004500213300000800258490002500266520037500291100001700666856013500683 2020 eng d00aPenicillate Fauna of Australia and the South East Asian Region: Taxonomy, Biology and Distribution0 aPenicillate Fauna of Australia and the South East Asian Region T aMelbournebDeakin Universityc10/06/2020 a2790 vDoctor of Philosophy3 a

This thesis is by publication, with research topics based on studies of the biology, intraspecific and interspecific relationships between penicillate millipedes within the families Polyxenidae, Lophoproctidae and Synxenidae in Order Polyxenida (Class Diplopoda, Subclass Penicillata), using traditional taxonomy and morphometry as well as phylogenetic studies.

1 aHuynh, Cuong uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/penicillate-fauna-australia-and-south-east-asian-region-taxonomy-biology-and-distribution01550nas a2200145 4500008004100000022001400041245009200055210006900147260001500216300001000231490000700241520102500248100002401273856010701297 2020 eng d a2513-944400aMyriapod Trivia - Curiosities of British Natural History & The Rabbit and the Centipede0 aMyriapod Trivia Curiosities of British Natural History The Rabbi c03/04/2020 a95-970 v323 a

Over the years with an interest in the more formal study of myriapods, especially centipedes, I have also accumulated a few items of what we might call "trivia" - prints, pictures etc. The two items here come into that category and I know there are many more like them around and they are offered as light relief for Bulletin readers. I know little about The Penny Magazine but it clearly represents a cheap, presumably weekly, publication dedicated to that great Victorian aim of "self improvement". This issue comprises eight pages with items as varied as "Essays on the lives of Remarkable Painters No.XXXI: Andrea del Sarto", "The English and Irish Ordnance Surveys" and "The Hareem of Ibrahim Pasha". I have abridged the item on Centipedes and Millipedes from the original three pages. "The Rabbit and the Centipede" comes from a children's book of 1907. I am not sure that it sheds any particular new light on myriapod locomotory mechanisms.

1 aBarber, Anthony, D. uhttps://www.bmig.org.uk/sites/www.bmig.org.uk/files/bulletin/BullBMIG32(2020)95-97_Myriapod-Trivia.pdf01312nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245007500055210006900130260001500199300001200214490000600226520079700232100001901029700001801048700001901066856005701085 1997 eng d a2489-496600aArthropods on oak branches in SW Finland, collected by a new trap type0 aArthropods on oak branches in SW Finland collected by a new trap c03/11/1997 a177-1830 v83 a

Arthropods moving on large horizontal branches of old oaks (Quercus robur L.) in seven oak woodlands, SW Finland, were studied using a new trap type. The most abundant groups included Formicidae (Hym.), Oribatida (Acari), Thysanoptera, Nematocera (Dipt.), Collembola, Auchenorrhyncha (Hom.), Coleoptera, Araneae, Psocoptera and Hemiptera. The last three groups showed the least intersite variation in numbers of individuals. About 120 abundant, rare and other interesting species of Diplopoda (4 species mentioned), Chilopoda (2), Araneae (19), Opiliones (4), Pseudoscorpionida (1), Oribatida (9), Psocoptera (9), Blattodea (1), Neuroptera (1), Homoptera (10), Heteroptera (13), Coleoptera (25), Lepidoptera (14) and Formicidae (6) are listed, and the new trap is described.

1 aKoponen, Seppo1 aRinne, Veikko1 aClayhills, Tom uhttps://journal.fi/entomolfennica/article/view/8394000469nas a2200145 4500008004100000022001400041245005600055210005600111260001200167300000900179100002200188700003100210700002800241856005400269 1989 eng d a1021-029600aCatálogo de los artrópodos terrestres no insectos0 aCatálogo de los artrópodos terrestres no insectos c03/1989 a1-551 aMaes, Jean-Michel1 aPalacios-Vargas, José, G.1 aJiménez, María, Luisa uhttp://www.bio-nica.info/RevNicaEntomo/7-full.pdf04163nas a2200277 4500008004100000245009200041210007200133260007100205300000700276520333800283653001403621653001603635653001503651653001403666653001503680653001303695653001403708653001403722653001403736653001403750653001303764653001603777653001603793100002203809856005403831 2020 eng d00aKaryotypová variabilita stonožkovců (Myriapoda) / Karyotype variability of Myriapoda0 aKaryotypová variabilita stonožkovců Myriapoda Karyotype variabil aPraguebUniverzita Karlova, Přírodovědecká fakultac13/07/2020 a383 a

Abstrakt: Bakalářská práce pojednává o diploidních počtech chromozomů, jejich morfologii a chromozomovém mechanismu určení pohlaví u čtyřech tříd podkmene Myriapoda. Pozornost je zároveň věnována vzájemným fylogenetickým vztahům v rámci podkmene. Přehled literatury ukazuje míru prozkoumanosti cytogenetických charakteristik u jednotlivých tříd, která je zejména ve třídách Pauropoda a Symphyla stále velmi nízká a v rámci třídy Diplopoda je stále ještě velké množství řádů, kde nám tyto informace zcela chybí. Cytogenetické analýzy odhalily celkové rozpětí počtu chromozomů pro: Pauropoda 2n = 12 – 27, Symphyla 2n = 11 – 18, Chilopoda 2n = 14 – 54 a Diplopoda 2n = 8 – 30. V rámci všech čtyř tříd se vyskytují jak morfologicky nediferencované pohlavní chromozomy, tak systémy typu XX/XY a XX/X0. Navíc je u řádu Spirostreptida uváděný i systém X1X1X2X2/X1X20. Pouze u malého množství druhů z řádů Glomerida, Calipodida, Julida, Spirostreptida a Lithobiomorpha a čeledi Scutigerellidae se podařilo identifikovat výskyt NORů. V práci se také podařilo identifikovat některé neshody mezi údaji různých prací, kdy se ukazuje, že zejména některé starší studie byly postaveny na špatném pozorování chromozomů v karyotypu.

Karyotype variability of Myriapoda

Abstract: The bachelor thesis deals with diploid numbers of chromosomes, their morphology and chromosome mechanism of sex determination in four classes of the subphylum Myriapoda. Attention is also paid to mutual phylogenetic relationships within the subphylum. A review of the literature shows the degree of examination of cytogenetic characteristics in individual classes, which is still very low, especially in the classes Pauropoda and Symphyla, and within the class Diplopoda there are still a large number of orders where we completely lack this information. Cytogenetic analyzes revealed a total range of chromosome numbers for: Pauropoda 2n = 12 - 27, Symphyla 2n = 11 - 18, Chilopoda 2n = 14 - 54 and Diplopoda 2n = 8 - 30. Within all four classes, there are both morphologically undifferentiated sex chromosomes and XX/XY and XX/X0 systems. In addition, the X1X1X2X2/X1X20 system is mentioned for the order Spirostreptida. Only a small number of species from the orders Glomerida, Calipodida, Julida, Spirostreptida, Lithobiomorpha and from family Scutigerellidae were able to identify the occurrence of NORs. The work also managed to identify some discrepancies between the data of different works, which shows that especially some older studies were based on poor observation of chromosomes in the karyotype.

10aChilopoda10achromosomes10achromozomy10aDiplopoda10afylogeneze10akaryotyp10akaryotype10aMyriapoda10aPauropoda10aphylogeny10aSymphyla10avariabilita10avariability1 aKášová, Adéla uhttps://dspace.cuni.cz/handle/20.500.11956/11972501546nas a2200217 4500008004100000022002500041245011500066210006900181260001500250300000800265490000700273520082300280653001401103653001401117653001601131653001501147653001301162100001701175700002501192856011101217 2021 eng d a0079-8835, 2204-147800aA new species of Unixenus Jones, 1944 (Diplopoda, Polyxenidae) found in far north Queensland, Australia0 anew species of iUnixenusi Jones 1944 Diplopoda Polyxenidae found c05/05/2021 a1-90 v633 a

Unixenus Jones, 1944 (Polyxenidae) is the dominant genus of penicillate millipedes found throughout mainland Australia. Herein, a new species, Unixenus mossmanus sp. nov., is described from coastal forest near Mossman. The new species is similar to U. karajinensis, sharing the same sensilla pattern on antennal article VI and the same arrangement of leg setae. Unixenus mossmanus sp. nov. differs by having only 3 ornamental trichomes c per side (v. 5-9), 2 pairs coxal glands in the male (v. 6 pairs), and a slender claw (v. robust). These characteristics differ from those of U. karajinensis, which has 5–9 ornamental trichomes c; 6 pairs coxal glands in male; and a robust claw structure. 18S sequence of Unixenus mossmanus sp. nov. is included.

10aAustralia10aDiplopoda10aPolyxenidae10aQueensland10aUnixenus1 aHuynh, Cuong1 aVeenstra, Anneke, A. uhttps://www.qm.qld.gov.au/About+Us/Publications/Memoirs+of+the+Queensland+Museum/MQM+Vol+63/Huynh-Veenstra00688nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001500041245011300056210006900169260001500238300001200253490000700265653001400272653002000286653003300306653002600339653001500365100001700380700001700397856006800414 2006 eng d a1501-8415 00aRedescription of Phryssonotus novaehollandiae (Silvestri, 1923) with details of post-embryonic stadia0 aRedescription of iPhryssonotus novaehollandiaei Silvestri 1923 w c03/11/2006 a211-2220 v5310aDiplopoda10aparthenogenesis10aPhryssonotus novaehollandiae10apost-embryonic stadia10aSynxenidae1 aShort, Megan1 aHuynh, Cuong uhttp://www.entomologi.no/journals/nje/2006-2/NJE_53_02_2006.pdf01504nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245010300055210007000158260001500228300001200243490000700255520079500262653002201057653001801079653001301097653002501110653002501135653003001160100001701190856007901207 2020 eng d a0136-006X00aA new species of Macroxenus Brölemann, 1917 from Peru (Diplopoda: Polyxenida: Polyxenidae)0 anew species of iMacroxenusi Brölemann 1917 from Peru Diplopoda P c15/12/2020 a408-4120 v293 a

Abstract: A new millipede species in the genus Macroxenus is described from the Sandoval Lake Reserve, Amazon Basin, Peru. Macroxenus peruensis sp.n. is the first species of polyxenid to be described from Peru, and only the second species in the genus to be reported from South America.

РЕЗЮМЕ: Описан новый вид диплопод рода Macroxenus из заповедника озеро Сандовал в бассейне Амазонки (Перу). Macroxenus peruensis sp.n. — первый вид семейства Polyxenidae, описанный из Перу, а также лишь второй в этом роде, отмеченный в Южной Америке.

10abristly millipede10aSouth America10aTaxonomy10aкистехвост10aтаксономия10aЮжная Америка1 aShort, Megan uhttps://kmkjournals.com/journals/AS/AS_Index_Volumes/AS_29/AS_29_4_408_41201190nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245016300055210006900218260001500287300001000302490000800312520047300320653001500793653001400808653002600822653001400848653002100862100001700883700002500900856004700925 2020 eng d a0035-921100aA new Lophoturus species (Diplopoda, Polyxenida, Lophoproctidae) from Rodrigues Island, the Republic of Mauritius: morphological and molecular evidence0 anew iLophoturusi species Diplopoda Polyxenida Lophoproctidae fro c14/12/2020 a65-770 v1323 a

A new penicillate millipede Lophoturus porchi sp. n. (Lophoproctidae) is described from Caverne de la Vierge, François Leguat Giant Tortoise and Cave Reserve, Rodrigues Island, Mauritius. A comparison of the body length, number of sensilla on the gnathochilarial palp, number of linguiform processes and structure of the labral surface as well as genetics based on the 18S and COI genes indicate that this is a new Lophoturus species.

10aLophoturus10aMauritius10aPenicillate millipede10aphylogeny10aRodrigues Island1 aHuynh, Cuong1 aVeenstra, Anneke, A. uhttp://www.publish.csiro.au/?paper=RS2000501361nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245012800055210006900183260001500252300000900267490000800276520066600284653001500950653002400965653002000989653001601009100001501025700001801040700001801058856006701076 2020 eng d a0195-667100aTwo new species of the bristle millipede genus Pauropsxenus (Diplopoda, Polyxenidae) in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber0 aTwo new species of the bristle millipede genus iPauropsxenusi Di c20/02/2020 a1-110 v1113 a

Two new species of the bristle millipede family Polyxenidae, Pauropsxenus ordinatus sp. nov. and Pauropsxenus extraneus sp. nov., are described from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. They can be confidently placed in the extant genus Pauropsxenus (Polyxenidae) based on a set of critical characters. In additions, the morphological similarity of hooked caudal trichomes shared by the new species and extant counterparts may suggest a similar defensive function. Our discovery indicates that a prey-predator relationship between polyxenids and other soil animals has already been established in the Cretaceous period.

10aCretaceous10aDefensive behaviour10aPalaeodiversity10aPolyxenidae1 aSu, Yitong1 aCai, Chenyang1 aHuang, Diying uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S019566711930289702840nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245016600055210006900221260001500290300000900305490000700314520210300321100002402424700002302448700002102471700002702492700002102519700001602540856007802556 2020 eng d a1932-620300aGround-dwelling invertebrate diversity in domestic gardens along a rural-urban gradient: Landscape characteristics are more important than garden characteristics0 aGrounddwelling invertebrate diversity in domestic gardens along  c02/10/2020 a1-250 v153 a

Urbanisation is increasing worldwide and is regarded a major driver of environmental change altering local species assemblages. Private domestic gardens contribute a significant share of total green area in cities, but their biodiversity has received relatively little attention. Previous studies mainly considered plants, flying invertebrates such as bees and butterflies, and birds. By using a multi-taxa approach focused on less mobile, ground-dwelling invertebrates, we examined the influence of local garden characteristics and landscape characteristics on species richness and abundance of gastropods, spiders, millipedes, woodlice, ants, ground beetles and rove beetles. We assume that most of the species of these groups are able to complete their entire life cycle within a single garden. We conducted field surveys in thirty-five domestic gardens along a rural-urban gradient in Basel, Switzerland. Considered together, the gardens examined harboured an impressive species richness, with a mean share of species of the corresponding groups known for Switzerland of 13.9%, ranging from 4.7% in ground beetles to 23.3% in woodlice. The overall high biodiversity is a result of complementary contributions of gardens harbouring distinct species assemblages. Indeed, at the garden level, species richness of different taxonomical groups were typically not inter-correlated. The exception was ant species richness, which was correlated with those of gastropods and spiders. Generalised linear models revealed that distance to the city centre is an important driver of species richness, abundance and composition of several groups, resulting in an altered species composition in gardens in the centre of the city. Local garden characteristics were important drivers of gastropod and ant species richness, and the abundance of spiders, millipedes and rove beetles. Our study shows that domestic gardens make a valuable contribution to regional biodiversity. Thus, domestic urban gardens constitute an important part of green infrastructure, which should be considered by urban planners.

1 aBraschler, Brigitte1 aGilgado, José, D.1 aZwahlen, Valerie1 aRusterholz, Hans-Peter1 aBuchholz, Sascha1 aBaur, Bruno uhttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.024006101207nas a2200133 4500008004100000245008800041210006900129260001500198300001100213490000700224520070100231100002600932856011500958 1957 eng d00aThe Diplopoda of the Lund University and California Academy of Sciences expeditions0 aDiplopoda of the Lund University and California Academy of Scien c07/10/1957 a1–440 v533 a

Recommended citation: Chamberlin, R. V. (1957): Reports of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948-49. 30. The Diplopoda of the Lund University and California Academy of Science Expeditions. Lunds universitets årsskrift, n. f., avd. 2, 53 (8): 1-44.

Remarks: The articles in the Lunds universitets årsskrift, n. f., bear two parallel numbering systems, one for the volumes of the årsskrift and one for the volumes of the “Kungl. Fysiografiska sällskapets handlingar, ny följd”. This article can be cited as above or as “Kungl. Fysiografiska sällskapets handlingar, n. f., 68 (8): 1-44”.

1 aChamberlin, Ralph, V. uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/diplopoda-lund-university-and-california-academy-sciences-expeditions00621nas a2200133 4500008004100000245015800041210006900199260001200268300001100280490000700291100002600298700002700324856013600351 2003 eng d00aA revised comprehensive checklist, relational database, and taxonomic system of reference for the bristly millipedes of the world (Diplopoda, Polyxenida)0 arevised comprehensive checklist relational database and taxonomi c08/2003 a89-1010 v441 aDuy-Jacquemin, Nguyen1 aGeoffroy, Jean-Jacques uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/revised-comprehensive-checklist-relational-database-and-taxonomic-system-reference-bristly00483nas a2200109 4500008004100000245008500041210007200126300001200198490000600210100001900216856013800235 1912 eng d00aIntroducción al estudio de los miriópodos i catálogo de las especies chilenas0 aIntroducción al estudio de los miriópodos i catálogo de las espe a16–680 v41 aPorter, Carlos uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/introducci%C3%B3n-al-estudio-de-los-miri%C3%B3podos-i-cat%C3%A1logo-de-las-especies-chilenas00409nas a2200109 4500008004100000245005800041210005800099300001400157490000600171100002300177856009900200 1948 eng d00aTavola sinottica dei generi dei Diplopoda Penicillata0 aTavola sinottica dei generi dei Diplopoda Penicillata a214–2200 v81 aSilvestri, Filippo uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/tavola-sinottica-dei-generi-dei-diplopoda-penicillata00311nas a2200109 4500008004100000245002600041210002600067300001100093490000700104100002300111856006700134 1903 eng d00aNote Diplopodologiche0 aNote Diplopodologiche a1–210 v181 aSilvestri, Filippo uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/note-diplopodologiche00649nas a2200145 4500008004100000245015000041210006900191260000800260300001400268490000700282100003000289700001700319700003100336856013600367 2019 eng d00aFirst record of the genus Polyxenus Latreille (Diplopoda: Penicillata: Polyxenida) in the supralittoral zone of Cocholgüe, Biobío Region, Chile0 aFirst record of the genus Polyxenus Latreille Diplopoda Penicill cmay a399–4020 v451 aVega-Román, Emmanuel, A.1 aRuiz, Victor1 aArancibia-Ávila, Patricia uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/first-record-genus-polyxenus-latreille-diplopoda-penicillata-polyxenida-supralittoral-zone01924nas a2200217 4500008004100000245012000041210006900161260001200230300001400242490000700256520127800263653001401541653001501555653001401570653001101584653001201595653001301607100002001620700001701640856004901657 2018 eng d00aChecklist of the Myriapoda in Cretaceous Burmese amber and a correction of the Myriapoda identified by Zhang (2017)0 aChecklist of the Myriapoda in Cretaceous Burmese amber and a cor c12/2020 a1131-11400 v143 a

An inventory of the Myriapoda (Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Symphyla) from Cretaceous Burmese amber, Myanmar, is presented, including the oldest and/or first fossil record for numerous orders. For millipedes (Diplopoda) 527 records, including 460 new specimens determined by us, belonging to 13 of 16 recent orders are listed: Polyxenida, Glomeridesmida, Glomerida, Siphonophorida, Polyzoniida, Platydesmida, Siphoniulida, Chordeumatida, Polydesmida, Stemmiulida, Callipodida, Spirostreptida and Spirobolida. For centipedes, 33 records for 4 of the 5 recent orders are listed: Scutigeromorpha, Lithobiomorpha, Scolopendromorpha and Geophilomorpha. For Symphyla, three records for both families, Scutigerellidae and Scolopendrellidae, are listed. The majority of Diplopoda records (30.5%) are Polydesmida. The record of the Polyzoniida includes first instar octopod juveniles. The checklist includes the first fossil representatives known of the Platydesmida, as well as the oldest known fossils of the Polyxenida, Glomeridesmida, Glomerida, Siphonophorida, Polyzoniida, Siphoniulida, Spirostreptida, as well as both Symphyla families. Misidentifications by Zhang (2017) are corrected; while most Chilopoda in that list are correct, almost all Diplopoda are misidentified.

10aChilopoda10aCretaceous10aDiplopoda10afossil10aMyanmar10aSymphyla1 aWesener, Thomas1 aMoritz, Leif uhttps://checklist.pensoft.net/article/30320/03914nas a2200505 4500008004100000022001400041245012800055210006900183260001500252300000900267490000700276520241600283653002402699653001302723653002302736653002102759653001802780653001802798653002102816653001202837653001902849100002702868700002002895700002202915700002102937700002202958700001802980700001702998700001703015700001803032700002303050700002003073700002303093700002403116700001803140700002403158700002803182700002703210700001903237700002003256700001403276700001903290700002103309856007803330 2020 eng d a1471-214800aFour myriapod relatives – but who are sisters? No end to debates on relationships among the four major myriapod subgroups0 aFour myriapod relatives but who are sisters No end to debates on c04/11/2020 a1-150 v203 a

Background: Phylogenetic relationships among the myriapod subgroups Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Symphyla and Pauropoda are still not robustly resolved. The first phylogenomic study covering all subgroups resolved phylogenetic relationships congruently to morphological evidence but is in conflict with most previously published phylogenetic trees based on diverse molecular data. Outgroup choice and long-branch attraction effects were stated as possible explanations for these incongruencies. In this study, we addressed these issues by extending the myriapod and outgroup taxon sampling using transcriptome data.

Results: We generated new transcriptome data of 42 panarthropod species, including all four myriapod subgroups and additional outgroup taxa. Our taxon sampling was complemented by published transcriptome and genome data resulting in a supermatrix covering 59 species. We compiled two data sets, the first with a full coverage of genes per species (292 single-copy protein-coding genes), the second with a less stringent coverage (988 genes). We inferred phylogenetic relationships among myriapods using different data types, tree inference, and quartet computation approaches. Our results unambiguously support monophyletic Mandibulata and Myriapoda. Our analyses clearly showed that there is strong signal for a single unrooted topology, but a sensitivity of the position of the internal root on the choice of outgroups. However, we observe strong evidence for a clade Pauropoda+Symphyla, as well as for a clade Chilopoda+Diplopoda.

Conclusions: Our best quartet topology is incongruent with current morphological phylogenies which were supported in another phylogenomic study. AU tests and quartet mapping reject the quartet topology congruent to trees inferred with morphological characters. Moreover, quartet mapping shows that confounding signal present in the data set is sufficient to explain the weak signal for the quartet topology derived from morphological characters. Although outgroup choice affects results, our study could narrow possible trees to derivatives of a single quartet topology. For highly disputed relationships, we propose to apply a series of tests (AU and quartet mapping), since results of such tests allow to narrow down possible relationships and to rule out confounding signal.

 

10aArthropod phylogeny10aconflict10aConfounding signal10aInternal rooting10aPhylogenetics10aphylogenomics10aQuartet topology10aRNA-Seq10aTranscriptomes1 aSzucsich, Nikolaus, U.1 aBartel, Daniela1 aBlanke, Alexander1 aBöhm, Alexander1 aDonath, Alexander1 aFukui, Makiko1 aGrove, Simon1 aLiu, Shanlin1 aMacek, Oliver1 aMachida, Ryuichiro1 aMisof, Bernhard1 aNakagaki, Yasutaka1 aPodsiadlowski, Lars1 aSekiya, Kaoru1 aTomizuka, Shigekazu1 aVon Reumont, Björn, M.1 aWaterhouse, Robert, M.1 aWalzl, Manfred1 aMeng, Guanliang1 aZhou, Xin1 aPass, Günther1 aMeusemann, Karen uhttps://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-020-01699-001765nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245006500055210006200120260001500182300001000197490000700207520120100214653001701415653002301432653001801455653001501473100001701488856006601505 2020 eng d a0237-541900aNew species of Polyxenida in Israel (Diplopoda, Penicillata)0 aNew species of Polyxenida in Israel Diplopoda Penicillata c07/08/2020 a35-450 v513 a

The identification of 5 species from a recent collection of 23 specimens from two areas in Israel is given. Two new species of Polyxenida are recorded, including the first species in the family Synxenidae (Phryssonotus sp.) and the first species from the family Polyxenidae, subfamily Macroxeninae (Chilexenus sp.), from Israel. These species are identified only to genus due to the lack of undamaged adult material. Two species in the family Lophoproctidae are also identified, one previously recorded but not described, is now described as Lophoproctus israelensis sp. nov., and Lophoproctinus chichinii Condé, 1951 is recorded from Israel for the first time. The fifth species is identified as possibly a new species in the genus Polyxenus and likely to be synonymous with the specimens identified as Polyxenus lagurus Linnaeus, 1758 in a previous study. This is just the second collection from Israel to be identified and brings the total number of Polyxenida species found in Israel to 8. All 3 families of Polyxenida are represented in this list, together with all 3 subfamilies of the most numerous family, Polyxenidae.

10abiodiversity10aBristly millipedes10aMediterranean10amillipedes1 aShort, Megan uhttp://opuscula.elte.hu/PDF/Tomus51_S2/Op_%20Short_Israel.pdf01391nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245011600055210006900171260001500240300001000255490000700265520070700272653001600979653002200995653001701017653002801034100001701062700002501079856008101104 2020 eng d a0237-541900aA new species of penicillate millipede from genus Mauritixenus (Diplopoda, Polyxenidae) found in Vietnam0 anew species of penicillate millipede from genus iMauritixenusi D c07/08/2020 a23-340 v513 a

Genus Mauritixenus Verhoeff, 1939 comprises a group of penicillate millipedes found only in Mascarene Islands, Madagascar and West Africa. The characteristics of this genus are 13 pairs of legs, 8 ommatidia, labrum with apical granular structure and tarsus 2 with a spine. There are seven described species in this genus. Penicillate millipedes were collected from Vietnam, Ninh Thuan Province, which proved to be a previously undescribed species in the genus Mauritixenus. Their distinguishing characteristics include the number of sensilla on gnathochilarium and the anterior lateral process in the claw, as well as the genetic makeup, concluded this is a new species in this genus.

10aGenomic DNA10aMascarene Islands10aMauritixenus10apenicillate millipedes.1 aHuynh, Cuong1 aVeenstra, Anneke, A. uhttp://opuscula.elte.hu/PDF/Tomus51_S2/Op_%20Huynh_Veenstra_Mauritixenus.pdf01435nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245012800055210006900183260001500252300001400267490000700281520074700288653001401035653001501049653002201064653001601086100002901102700002301131856007501154 1992 eng d a0013-874600aMillipeds from Dominican Amber, with the Description of Two New Species (Diplopoda: Siphonophoridae) of Siphonophora0 aMillipeds from Dominican Amber with the Description of Two New S c01/07/1992 a363 - 3690 v853 a

Representatives of 11 genera (Lophoproctus?, Glomeridesmus, Epinannolene, Siphonophora, Siphonotus, Docodesmus, lomus, Lophodesmus?, Psochodesmus, Dasyodontus, and Inodesmus?) are reported from Dominican amber, most of them constituting the first or oldest fossils of their corresponding higher taxa. Extant species of lomus and Inodesmus have not been reported from Hispaniola; a chelodesmid seems more closely related to South American genera than to present-day Caribbean diplopods. Siphonophora hoffmani spec. nov. and S. velezi spec. nov. are described from adults embedded in Dominican amber.

10aDiplopoda10aHispaniola10aSiphonophora spp.10asystematics1 aSantiago-Blay, Jorge, A.1 aPoinar, George, O. uhttps://academic.oup.com/aesa/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/aesa/85.4.36301723nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245015600055210006900211260001500280300001200295490000900307520094200316653002201258653001101280653001001291653001501301653001301316100001701329700001901346700002001365700003001385856006601415 2020 eng d a1175-532600aThe millipede family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda, Polyxenida) in the faunas of the Crimean Peninsula and Caucasus, with notes on other European Polyxenidae0 amillipede family Polyxenidae Diplopoda Polyxenida in the faunas  c08/05/2020 a306-3320 v47723 a

The Polyxenidae in the fauna of the Crimeo-Caucasian region is represented by four species: Polyxenus lagurus (Linnaeus, 1758) (= P. lagurus caucasicus Lignau, 1924, syn. n.), Propolyxenus argentifer (Verhoeff, 1921) comb. n. (= P. trivittatus Verhoeff, 1941, = P. sokolowi Lignau, 1924, both syn. n.), a new species, Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n., and an undescribed Polyxenus sp. The distributions of all these species in the region concerned are mapped, based on old and new records. A molecular phylogeny based on COI sequences is used to study the relationship within and among the genera Polyxenus and Propolyxenus from Western Europe to the southern Caucasus. The results highlight the presence of a number of undescribed species of Polyxenus across this region.

10abristly millipede10aCrimea10afauna10aIran fauna10aTaxonomy1 aShort, Megan1 aVahtera, Varpu1 aWesener, Thomas1 aGolovatch, Sergei, Ilyich uhttps://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4772.2.402298nas a2200169 4500008004100000245020100041210006900242260001900311490000700330520164900337653001501986653001502001653002602016100001702042700002502059856004402084 2016 eng d00aReproduction, egg morphology and development observed in two Australian penicillate millipedes, Lophoturus queenslandicus (Lophoproctidae) and Phryssonotus novaehollandiae (Synxenidae) (Diplopoda)0 aReproduction egg morphology and development observed in two Aust c16 August 20160 v643 a

Lophoproctid and synxenid millipede species observed in this study showed clear differences in their
sexual reproduction, including sperm web structure, egg morphology and development compared with species from
Polyxenidae. Male Lophoturus queenslandicus (Lophoproctidae) produce a single spermatophore on a sperm web
without signal threads due to their lack of silk-producing coxal glands. Females of this species lay fewer eggs and differ
in their egg cluster arrangement, which includes nest trichomes for protection. Lophoproctid chorion has a thin
protective membrane and the pupoid has fused papillae covering the entire anterior region and an aperture bordered
by protective papillate sensilla is present at the apex of the pupoid. Lophoproctid millipedes have a comparatively short
intermoult period between stadia. In contrast, male Phryssonotus novaehollandiae (Synxenidae) produce two
spermatophores separated by a large gap on their sperm web, with signal threads that are less obvious. Synxenid chorion
and pupoid stages were unique; the chorion was tough and thick and the pupoid had anterior projections without an
aperture bordered by sensilla, unlike those observed in lophoproctid and polyxenid millipedes. This study extends
knowledge of the reproduction of species from three major millipede families from the Suborder Polyxenida
(Penicillata: Diplopoda). Additionally, the results indicate that the reproductive strategies of Australian lophoproctid
and synxenid species are adapted to their harsh environment.

10aArthropoda10amorphology10areproductive biology.1 aHuynh, Cuong1 aVeenstra, Anneke, A. uhttps://www.publish.csiro.au/zo/zo1603501381nas a2200133 4500008004100000245012800041210006900169260001500238490001300253520080100266100001701067700002501084856013801109 2015 eng d00aDescription of a new species of Penicillate Millipede from the genus Monographis (Diplopoda: Polyxenidae) found in Vietnam.0 aDescription of a new species of Penicillate Millipede from the g c8 May 20150 v3964 (4)3 a

A new species of penicillate millipede, from genus Monographis (Diplopoda: Polyxenidae), was collected from Trang
Bom and Dinh Quan, within the Dong Nai province, southern Vietnam. Taxonomic characteristics of the genus Monographis
Attems, 1907, were used to formally describe this new species. Sensilla of the 6th antennal article and claw structures
of Monographis dongnaiensis were compared with those of M. tamoyoensis, M. yunnanensis and M. queenslandicus.
Genomic DNA of M. dongnaiensis was compared with the DNA of other species within the genus Monographis. Monographis
dongnaiensis is confirmed as the ninth member of the genus Monographis and named Monographis dongnaiensis
after the collection site Dong Nai province in Vietnam.

1 aHuynh, Cuong1 aVeenstra, Anneke, A. uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/description-new-species-penicillate-millipede-genus-monographis-diplopoda-polyxenidae-foun-001380nas a2200133 4500008004100000245012800041210006900169260001500238490001300253520080100266100001701067700002501084856013701109 2015 eng d00aDescription of a new species of Penicillate Millipede from the genus Monographis (Diplopoda: Polyxenidae) found in Vietnam.0 aDescription of a new species of Penicillate Millipede from the g c8 May 20150 v3964 (4)3 a

A new species of penicillate millipede, from genus Monographis (Diplopoda: Polyxenidae), was collected from Trang
Bom and Dinh Quan, within the Dong Nai province, southern Vietnam. Taxonomic characteristics of the genus Monographis
Attems, 1907, were used to formally describe this new species. Sensilla of the 6th antennal article and claw structures
of Monographis dongnaiensis were compared with those of M. tamoyoensis, M. yunnanensis and M. queenslandicus.
Genomic DNA of M. dongnaiensis was compared with the DNA of other species within the genus Monographis. Monographis
dongnaiensis is confirmed as the ninth member of the genus Monographis and named Monographis dongnaiensis
after the collection site Dong Nai province in Vietnam.

1 aHuynh, Cuong1 aVeenstra, Anneke, A. uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/description-new-species-penicillate-millipede-genus-monographis-diplopoda-polyxenidae-found01100nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245013100055210006900186260001500255300001200270490001300282520046400295653001400759653001800773653001500791100001700806700001700823856006600840 2013 eng d a1175-532600aTaxonomy and biology of a new species of Pincushion Millipede of the genus Monographis (Diplopoda: Polyxenidae) from Australia0 aTaxonomy and biology of a new species of Pincushion Millipede of c23 09 2013 a573-5880 v3721 (6)3 a

Monographis queenslandicus n. sp. is described from Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The genus Monographis may be
divided into two groups based on the arrangement of sensilla on the 6th antennal article. Species with a crescent-shape arrangement
are M. kraepelini, M. annandalei, M. baihualingensis, M. demangei and M. mirus; species with a triangular
arrangement are M. tamoyensis, M. yunnanensis and M. queenslandicus n. sp.

10alifecycle10aMicroantatomy10amorphology1 aHuynh, Cuong1 aVeenstra, A. uhttps://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3721.6.400956nas a2200133 4500008004100000245017800041210006900219260001500288300001400303490000600317520034800323100001900671856013200690 1971 eng d00aNomenclator generum et familiarum Diplopodorum: A list of the genus and family-group names in the class Diplopoda from the 10th edition of Linnaeus, 1758, to the end of 19570 aNomenclator generum et familiarum Diplopodorum A list of the gen c15/02/1971 axii + 4120 v53 a

Recommended citation:  Jeekel, C. A. W. (1971): Nomenclator generum et familiarum Diplopodorum: a list of the genus and family-group names in the Class Diplopoda from the 10th edition of Linnaeus, 1758, to the end of 1957. Monografieën van de Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging, 5: xii + 412 pp.

1 aJeekel, C.A.W. uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/nomenclator-generum-et-familiarum-diplopodorum-list-genus-and-family-group-names-class02657nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245010400055210006900159260001500228300001400243490000800257520204700265653002202312653001902334653001702353100003002370700001602400856004702416 2020 eng d a1313-298900aDiversity, distribution patterns, and fauno-genesis of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of mainland China0 aDiversity distribution patterns and faunogenesis of the milliped c28/04/2020 a153 - 1980 v9303 a

Based on all available information, 339 species from 71 genera, 26 families, and eleven orders of Diplopoda have hitherto been recorded from mainland China, the fauna thus being very rich, albeit far from completely known, comprising various zoogeographic elements and populating very different environments. Diplopods mainly occur in various woodlands, in caves, and high in the mountains. Most species (> 90 %, usually highly localised, including 160 cavernicoles), 18 genera, and one family are strictly endemic to continental China. Mapping not only the horizontal, but also the vertical distributions of Diplopoda in China shows the bulk of the fauna to be expectedly restricted to forested lowland and mountain biomes or their remnants. Yet some Chordeumatida, Callipodida, Polydesmida, Julida, and even Spirobolida seem to occur only in the subalpine to alpine environments and thus may provisionally be considered as truly high-montane. The long-acknowledged notions of China being a great biogeographic zone transitional between the Palaearctic and Oriental regions generally find good support in millipede distributions, in particular at the higher taxonomic levels (generic, familial, and ordinal). While the Palaearctic/Holarctic components expectedly dominate the fauna of the northern parts of the country, the Oriental ones prevail in its south and along the Pacific coast. Both realms are increasingly mixed and intermingled towards China’s centre. However, in addition to the above traditional views, based on distribution patterns alone, southern China seems to harbour a rather small, but highly peculiar faunal nucleus or origin centre of its own, whence Himalaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina and/or Taiwan could have become populated by younger lineages. The millipede fauna of continental China is thus a tangled mixture of zoogeographic elements of various origins and ages, both relict and more advanced. The few anthropochores must have been the latest faunal “layer” to populate China.

10acontinental China10aDiplopod fauna10azoogeography1 aGolovatch, Sergei, Ilyich1 aLiu, Weixin uhttps://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47513/01190nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245013900055210006900194260001500263300000900278490000900287520043200296653001900728653002000747653001600767653001400783653001600797653001400813653001300827100001700840700002500857856006600882 2020 eng d a1175-532600aThree new species of penicillate millipedes from the Con Dao Islands of southeast Vietnam (Diplopoda, Lophoproctidae and Polyxenidae)0 aThree new species of penicillate millipedes from the Con Dao Isl c01/04/2020 a1-300 v47593 a

We describe three new penicillate millipede species from Con Dao Archipelago in southeastern Vietnam: Alloproctoides consonensis n. sp. (Lophoproctidae), Monographis condorensis n. sp. (Polyxenidae), and Unixenis moniqueae n. sp. (Polyxenidae). Comparative morphological and genetic studies based on 18S and COI genes indicate that all three species differ from previously described species.

10aAlloproctoides10aCon Dao Islands10aMonographis10aMyriapoda10aPenicillata10aphylogeny10aUnixenus1 aHuynh, Cuong1 aVeenstra, Anneke, A. uhttps://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4759.1.101782nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245013600055210006900191260000900260300001100269490000700280520099400287653001601281653002401297653001601321653001301337653002101350100002401371700002001395700002201415700002101437856008201458 2020 eng d a1342-167000aUpgrading of Three Subspecies of Eudigraphis takakuwai to the Species Rank (Diplopoda: Penicillata: Polyxenida: Polyxenidae)0 aUpgrading of Three Subspecies of iEudigraphis takakuwaii to the  c2020 a89-1020 v253 a

Three forms of Japanese Eudigraphis (Penicillata, Polyxenidae), which have long been treated as subspecies of Eudigraphis takakuwai (Miyosi, 1947), i.e., E. t. takakuwai (Miyosi, 1947), E. t. nigricans (Miyosi, 1947), and E. t. kinutensis (Haga, 1950), are raised here to three distinct species. Overlap of their distributional ranges over wide areas of Japan was confirmed, and molecular phylogeny using both nuclear (ITS2) and mitochondrial (COI) DNA testified monophyly of each of the three forms. Additionally, the three forms can be easily distinguished from one another by body size, coloration, and habitat, though species identification for the specimens preserved in ethanol is often difficult due to their morphological similarity other than coloration and size. Description of some so-far neglected morphological characters were provided with some SEM photos to supplement knowledge on taxonomy and morphology of the family.

10aEudigraphis10amolecular phylogeny10aPenicillata10aRevision10ataxonomic status1 aKarasawa, Shigenori1 aKawano, Keisuke1 aFukaya, Shin-ichi1 aTsurusaki, Nobuo uhttps://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/specdiv/25/1/25_250109/_article/-char/en00527nas a2200121 4500008004100000245017200041210006900213260001500282300002300297490000700320100002400327856005400351 1894 eng d00aContributions to our Knowledge of the Arthropod Fauna of the West Indies. Part III. Diplopoda and Malacopoda, with a Supplement on the Arachnida of the Class Pedipalpi0 aContributions to our Knowledge of the Arthropod Fauna of the Wes c10/07/1894 a473-519, pl. 37-400 v241 aPocock, Reginald, I uhttps://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3165290100708nas a2200133 4500008004100000245005700041210005500098300001200153490000700165520026500172100001800437700001500455856010400470 1979 eng d00aMissions Muséum Antilles - Diplopodes Pénicillates0 aMissions Muséum Antilles Diplopodes Pénicillates a137-1490 v163 a

Ce travail comprend deux parties distinctes: une nouvelle description du «Polyxenus» longisetis de Pocock d'une part, et l'étude du matériel récolté par J. M. Thibaud, d'autre part.

1 aCondé, Bruno1 aTerver, D. uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/missions-mus%C3%A9um-antilles-diplopodes-p%C3%A9nicillates02739nas a2200181 4500008004100000245011000041210006900151520207200220653002302292653001402315653002302329653001502352653001402367653001502381100001702396700001902413856012502432 2017 eng d00aPhylogenetic relationships of millipedes in the subclass Penicillata (Diplopoda) with a key to the genera0 aPhylogenetic relationships of millipedes in the subclass Penicil3 aBristly millipedes (subclass Penicillata, order Polyxenida) are minute diplopods characterised by uncalcified cuticle and a body covered with unique tufts of bristles. The order is found worldwide and comprises less than 200 described species divided into three families, with many of the species and genera being poorly known. The first evolutionary analysis of the order presented here utilises both molecular (COI, 18S rRNA and 16S rRNA) and morphological data to examine monophyly of the families and subfamilies and the evolutionary relationships between them. Maximum likelihood analysis was based on molecular data only, whereas parsimony analyses were based on molecular data as well as combined morphological and molecular data. The results of these analyses with two different optimality criteria were incongruent in many aspects. Unlike parsimony, the likelihood result found strong support for a basal position of the family Synxenidae and separation of the order into two monophyletic clades corresponding to the two superfamilies Synxenoidea, containing the family Synxenidae, and Polyxenoidea, containing the families Polyxenidae and Lophoproctidae. Parsimony results did not support the existence of the two superfamilies. Both analyses resolved the family Synxenidae as monophyletic and Polyxenidae as polyphyletic, whereas the family Lophoproctidae was shown to be paraphyletic in likelihood and monophyletic in parsimony analysis. The subfamilies Monographinae and Polyxeninae were found to be monophyletic in the likelihood tree but parsimony suggested paraphyly of both. The results suggest that further revision of the systematics of the Polyxenida may be necessary. However, a much larger molecular data set will be necessary to clarify and provide stronger nodal support for phylogenetic trees and to confirm the relationships, particularly of the families Polyxenidae and Lophoproctidae. Molecular identification is likely to be an important tool for this taxonomically challenging order in future. A simplified key to the genera is provided.10aBristly millipedes10aDiplopoda10aidentification key10amorphology10aphylogeny10aPolyxenida1 aShort, Megan1 aVahtera, Varpu uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/phylogenetic-relationships-millipedes-subclass-penicillata-diplopoda-key-genera