@mastersthesis {1169, title = {Karyotypov{\'a} variabilita stono{\v z}kovc{\r u} (Myriapoda) / Karyotype variability of Myriapoda}, year = {2020}, month = {13/07/2020}, pages = {38}, school = {Univerzita Karlova, P{\v r}{\'\i}rodov{\v e}deck{\'a} fakulta}, type = {Bachelor thesis}, address = {Prague}, abstract = {

Abstrakt: Bakal\á{\v r}sk\á pr\áce pojedn\áv\á o diploidn\ích po{\v c}tech chromozom{\r u}, jejich morfologii a chromozomov\ém mechanismu ur{\v c}en\í pohlav\í u {\v c}ty{\v r}ech t{\v r}\íd podkmene Myriapoda. Pozornost je z\árove{\v n} v{\v e}nov\ána vz\ájemn\ým fylogenetick\ým vztah{\r u}m v r\ámci podkmene. P{\v r}ehled literatury ukazuje m\íru prozkoumanosti cytogenetick\ých charakteristik u jednotliv\ých t{\v r}\íd, kter\á je zejm\éna ve t{\v r}\íd\ách Pauropoda a Symphyla st\ále velmi n\ízk\á a v r\ámci t{\v r}\ídy Diplopoda je st\ále je\št{\v e} velk\é mno{\v z}stv\í {\v r}\ád{\r u}, kde n\ám tyto informace zcela chyb\í. Cytogenetick\é anal\ýzy odhalily celkov\é rozp{\v e}t\í po{\v c}tu chromozom{\r u} pro: Pauropoda 2n = 12 \– 27, Symphyla 2n = 11 \– 18, Chilopoda 2n = 14 \– 54 a Diplopoda 2n = 8 \– 30. V r\ámci v\šech {\v c}ty{\v r} t{\v r}\íd se vyskytuj\í jak morfologicky nediferencovan\é pohlavn\í chromozomy, tak syst\émy typu XX/XY a XX/X0. Nav\íc je u {\v r}\ádu Spirostreptida uv\ád{\v e}n\ý i syst\ém X1X1X2X2/X1X20. Pouze u mal\ého mno{\v z}stv\í druh{\r u} z {\v r}\ád{\r u} Glomerida, Calipodida, Julida, Spirostreptida a Lithobiomorpha a {\v c}eledi Scutigerellidae se poda{\v r}ilo identifikovat v\ýskyt NOR{\r u}. V pr\áci se tak\é poda{\v r}ilo identifikovat n{\v e}kter\é neshody mezi \údaji r{\r u}zn\ých prac\í, kdy se ukazuje, {\v z}e zejm\éna n{\v e}kter\é star\š\í studie byly postaveny na \špatn\ém pozorov\án\í chromozom{\r u} v karyotypu.

Karyotype variability of Myriapoda

Abstract: The bachelor thesis deals with diploid numbers of chromosomes, their morphology and chromosome mechanism of sex determination in four classes of the subphylum Myriapoda. Attention is also paid to mutual phylogenetic relationships within the subphylum. A review of the literature shows the degree of examination of cytogenetic characteristics in individual classes, which is still very low, especially in the classes Pauropoda and Symphyla, and within the class Diplopoda there are still a large number of orders where we completely lack this information. Cytogenetic analyzes revealed a total range of chromosome numbers for: Pauropoda 2n = 12 - 27, Symphyla 2n = 11 - 18, Chilopoda 2n = 14 - 54 and Diplopoda 2n = 8 - 30. Within all four classes, there are both morphologically undifferentiated sex chromosomes and XX/XY and XX/X0 systems. In addition, the X1X1X2X2/X1X20 system is mentioned for the order Spirostreptida. Only a small number of species from the orders Glomerida, Calipodida, Julida, Spirostreptida, Lithobiomorpha and from family Scutigerellidae were able to identify the occurrence of NORs. The work also managed to identify some discrepancies between the data of different works, which shows that especially some older studies were based on poor observation of chromosomes in the karyotype.

}, keywords = {Chilopoda, chromosomes, chromozomy, Diplopoda, fylogeneze, karyotyp, karyotype, Myriapoda, Pauropoda, phylogeny, Symphyla, variabilita, variability}, url = {https://dspace.cuni.cz/handle/20.500.11956/119725}, author = {K{\'a}{\v s}ov{\'a}, Ad{\'e}la} } @article {438, title = {Checklist of the Myriapoda in Cretaceous Burmese amber and a correction of the Myriapoda identified by Zhang (2017)}, journal = {Check List}, volume = {14}, year = {2018}, month = {12/2020}, pages = {1131-1140}, abstract = {

An inventory of the Myriapoda (Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Symphyla) from Cretaceous Burmese amber, Myanmar, is presented, including the oldest and/or first fossil record for numerous orders. For millipedes (Diplopoda) 527 records, including 460 new specimens determined by us, belonging to 13 of 16 recent orders are listed: Polyxenida, Glomeridesmida, Glomerida, Siphonophorida, Polyzoniida, Platydesmida, Siphoniulida, Chordeumatida, Polydesmida, Stemmiulida, Callipodida, Spirostreptida and Spirobolida. For centipedes, 33 records for 4 of the 5 recent orders are listed: Scutigeromorpha, Lithobiomorpha, Scolopendromorpha and Geophilomorpha. For Symphyla, three records for both families, Scutigerellidae and Scolopendrellidae, are listed. The majority of Diplopoda records (30.5\%) are Polydesmida. The record of the Polyzoniida includes first instar octopod juveniles. The checklist includes the first fossil representatives known of the Platydesmida, as well as the oldest known fossils of the Polyxenida, Glomeridesmida, Glomerida, Siphonophorida, Polyzoniida, Siphoniulida, Spirostreptida, as well as both Symphyla families. Misidentifications by Zhang (2017) are corrected; while most Chilopoda in that list are correct, almost all Diplopoda are misidentified.

}, keywords = {Chilopoda, Cretaceous, Diplopoda, fossil, Myanmar, Symphyla}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.15560/14.6.1131}, url = {https://checklist.pensoft.net/article/30320/}, author = {Wesener, Thomas and Moritz, Leif} } @article {288, title = {Diversity, distribution patterns, and fauno-genesis of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of mainland China}, journal = {ZooKeys}, volume = {930}, year = {2020}, month = {28/04/2020}, pages = {153 - 198}, abstract = {

Based on all available information, 339 species from 71 genera, 26 families, and eleven orders of Diplopoda have hitherto been recorded from mainland China, the fauna thus being very rich, albeit far from completely known, comprising various zoogeographic elements and populating very different environments. Diplopods mainly occur in various woodlands, in caves, and high in the mountains. Most species (\> 90 \%, usually highly localised, including 160 cavernicoles), 18 genera, and one family are strictly endemic to continental China. Mapping not only the horizontal, but also the vertical distributions of Diplopoda in China shows the bulk of the fauna to be expectedly restricted to forested lowland and mountain biomes or their remnants. Yet some Chordeumatida, Callipodida, Polydesmida, Julida, and even Spirobolida seem to occur only in the subalpine to alpine environments and thus may provisionally be considered as truly high-montane. The long-acknowledged notions of China being a great biogeographic zone transitional between the Palaearctic and Oriental regions generally find good support in millipede distributions, in particular at the higher taxonomic levels (generic, familial, and ordinal). While the Palaearctic/Holarctic components expectedly dominate the fauna of the northern parts of the country, the Oriental ones prevail in its south and along the Pacific coast. Both realms are increasingly mixed and intermingled towards China\’s centre. However, in addition to the above traditional views, based on distribution patterns alone, southern China seems to harbour a rather small, but highly peculiar faunal nucleus or origin centre of its own, whence Himalaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina and/or Taiwan could have become populated by younger lineages. The millipede fauna of continental China is thus a tangled mixture of zoogeographic elements of various origins and ages, both relict and more advanced. The few anthropochores must have been the latest faunal \“layer\” to populate China.

}, keywords = {continental China, Diplopod fauna, zoogeography}, issn = {1313-2989}, doi = {10.3897/zookeys.930.47513}, url = {https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47513/}, author = {Sergei Ilyich Golovatch and Liu, Weixin} }