@article {1829, title = {Octoglena claraqua, n. sp. (Polyzoniida: Hirudisomatidae), a new milliped from Idaho, USA; first record of the order from the western interior of North America}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {2446}, year = {2010}, month = {06/05/2010}, pages = {55-64}, abstract = {

The milliped family Hirudisomatidae (Polyzoniida) comprises two genera in the Western Hemisphere and North America \– Octoglena Wood, 1864, and Mexiconium Shelley, 1996 \– and seven species, one being a new species from Idaho, the first hirudisomatid from the western interior, represented solely by an adult male. It is unique in its banded color pattern, recumbent gonopodal orientation in situ, upright anterior gonopod podomeres relative to the sternum, and the calyx configuration of the ultimate article. Despite these features, provisional assignment to Octoglena is warranted pending more material and review of all familial components under high magnification, preferably SEM. A full description is provided for O. claraqua, n. sp., along with a key to familial components in the Western Hemisphere, new locality records, and a distribution map.

}, keywords = {anterior gonopods, British Columbia, California, Pacific Coast, ultimate podomere}, issn = {1175-5334, 1175-5326}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2446.1.2}, url = {https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.2446.1.2}, author = {Shelley, Rowland M. and Richart, Casey H. and Bogan, Arthur E.} } @article {1828, title = {Tynommatidae, n. stat., a family of western North American millipeds: Hypotheses on origins and affinities; tribal elevations; rediagnoses of Diactis Loomis, 1937, and Florea and Caliactis, both Shelley, 1996; and description of D. hedini, n. sp.}, journal = {Insecta Mundi}, year = {2014}, month = {31/01/2014}, pages = {1-19}, abstract = {

Full title: Tynommatidae, n. stat., a family of western North American millipeds: Hypotheses on origins and affinities; tribal elevations; rediagnoses of Diactis Loomis, 1937, and Florea and Caliactis, both Shelley, 1996; and description of D. hedini, n. sp. (Callipodida: Schizopetalidea)

Recommended citation: Shelley, R. M. and C. H. Richart (2014): Tynommatidae, n. stat., a family of western North American millipeds: Hypotheses on origins and affinities; tribal elevations; rediagnoses of Diactis Loomis, 1937, and Florea and Caliactis, both Shelley, 1996; and description of D. hedini, n. sp. (Callipodida: Schizopetalidea). Insecta Mundi, 340: 1-19. https://journals.flvc.org/mundi/article/view/0340

Abstract: Tynommatidae, n. stat., elevated from Tynommatinae, is established as a schizopetalidean family encompassing the western North American callipodidans previously assigned to the Mediterranean Schizopetalidae. It is considered a valid taxon despite somewhat anatomically dissimilar subfamilies, and Colactidinae, Texophoninae, Diactidinae, and Aspidiophoninae constitute tribal elevations and additional new statuses. With a subbasal telopodal prefemoral process, Diactis hedini, n. sp., requires rediagnoses of all three diactidine genera, Diactis Loomis, 1937, and Florea and Caliactis, both by Shelley, 1996, and suggests that telopodal branches \‘B\’ in congeners and Florea represent distal relocations of the process along the stem. Similarities in the sizes and shapes of the pleurotergal carinae suggest a sister-group relationship with the other, and partly sympatric, New World family, Abacionidae, which is supported by gonopodal similarities between Colactidinae and Abacion Rafinesque, 1820. The Western Interior Seaway of the Cretaceous Period, Mesozoic Era, ~141\–66 million years ago, appears to have fueled divergence by isolating \“proto-abacionid stock\” in \“Appalachia,\” the Eastern North American land mass, which has subsequently spread well into previously inundated areas. The allopatric position of Texophoninae, on the Gulf Coast of south Texas around 1,136 km (710 mi) east of the most proximate familial records, is attributed to this waterway, which eradicated faunal linkages with \“proto-Tynommatidae\” in \“Laramidia,\” the Western North American land mass. Texophoninae probably survived the Cretaceous on insular refugia; however, it is rarely encountered anymore and seems destined for imminent extinction. Representatives of the east-Asian families, Caspiopetalidae, Paracortinidae, and Sinocallipodidae, also possess demarcated pleurotergal crests and, implausible though it seems, may share ancestry with the North American taxa vis-\à-vis the \“Asiamerica\” and or \“Boreotropic\” concepts.

}, keywords = {Aspidiophoninae, Colactidinae, Cretaceous, Diactidinae, pleurotergal carinae/crests, prefemoral process, process {\textquoteleft}B{\textquoteright}, Texophoninae, Tynommatidae/inae/ini}, issn = {0749-673, 942-1354, 1942-1362}, url = {https://journals.flvc.org/mundi/article/view/0340}, author = {Shelley, Rowland M. and Richart, Casey H.} } @article {854, title = {Gosodesmine, a 7-Substituted Hexahydroindolizine from the Millipede Gosodesmus claremontus}, journal = {Journal of Natural Products}, volume = {83}, year = {2020}, month = {11/09/2020}, pages = {2764-2768}, abstract = {

Millipedes (Diplopoda) are well known for their toxic or repellent defensive secretions. Here we describe gosodesmine (1), 7-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)-1,2,3,5,8,8a-hexahydroindolizine, a unique alkaloid with some terpene character found in the chemical defense secretions of the millipede Gosodesmus claremontus Chamberlin (Colobognatha, Platydesmida, Andrognathidae). The structure of 1 was suggested by its mass spectra and GC-FTIR spectra and established from its 1H, 13C, and 2D NMR spectra and 1D NOE studies. The 7-substituted indolizidine carbon skeleton of 1 was confirmed by unambiguous synthesis. This is the first report of an alkaloid from a platydesmid millipede and the first report of a 7-substituted indolizidine from an arthropod.

}, keywords = {Carbon, Hydrocarbons, Irradiation, Molecular structure, Organic compounds}, issn = {0163-3864}, doi = {10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00722}, url = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00722}, author = {Hassler, Madeline F. and Harrison, Daniel P. and Jones, Tappey H. and Richart, Casey H. and Saporito, Ralph A.} } @article {230, title = {The millipede family Conotylidae in northwestern North America, with a complete bibliography of the family (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Heterochordeumatidea, Conotyloidea)}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {4753}, year = {2020}, month = {19/03/2020}, pages = {1-78}, abstract = {

The center of diversity for the chordeumatidan millipede family Conotylidae is northwestern North America, where five of six subfamilies and ten of fourteen previously described genera occur; in this paper, seven additional new genera and 33 new species from the region are described. New species in the genus Taiyutyla Chamberlin, 1952 are: Taiyutyla tillamook, Taiyutyla acuphora, and Taiyutyla amicitia; in the genus Bollmanella Chamberlin, 1941: Bollmanella bombus, Bollmanella washingtonensis and Bollmanella leonardi; in the genus Brunsonia Loomis \& Schmitt, 1971: Brunsonia pulchra, Brunsonia digitata, Brunsonia wenatchee, Brunsonia chelanoparva, Brunsonia chelanomagna, Brunsonia selwayana and Brunsonia benewah. Vancouvereuma n. gen. is described with the type species Taiyutyla shawi Shear 2004. Calityla n. gen. includes the new species Calityla siskiyou, Calityla ubicki, Calityla trinitaria, Calityla essigi, and Calityla humboldtensis. Ovaskella, n. gen. includes the new species Ovaskella ovaskae and Ovaskella sinuosa. Karagama, n. gen. includes the new species Karagama ladybird. Complicatella, n. gen. includes the new species Complicatella pectenifera and Complicatella neili. Bifurcatella n. gen. includes the new species Bifurcatella olympiana, Bifurcatella hoh, Bifurcatella angulata, Bifurcatella pacifica, Bifurcatella germania, Bifurcatella uniclada, Bifurcatella inflata and Bifurcatella hobo. Loomisiella, n. gen. includes the new species Loomisiella evergreen and Loomisiella pylei. New distribution records are provided for numerous previously described species of conotylids. A complete bibliography of the family Conotylidae of the world is also included.

}, keywords = {Alberta, Arthropoda, British Columbia, California, descriptions, Idaho, Nevada, new genera, new species, Oregon, Washington}, issn = {1175-5326}, doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.4753.1}, url = {https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.4753.1}, author = {Shear, William A. and Richart, Casey H. and Wong, Victoria L.} }