01666nas a2200157 4500008004100000022002500041245008600066210006900152260001500221300000900236490000800245520102400253100002201277700002401299856018501323 2021 eng d a0008-347X, 1918-324000aThe biota of Canada: checklist of the centipedes of Canada (Myriapoda: Chilopoda)0 abiota of Canada checklist of the centipedes of Canada Myriapoda  c31/12/2021 a1-120 v1543 a

The centipede fauna of Canada is reviewed based on information available in the literature and on examination of some material, and provincial and territorial distributions are provided. About 53 species are known from Canada, representing four orders: Scutigeromorpha (1), Scolopendromorpha (5), Geophilomorpha (19), and Lithobiomorpha (28). British Columbia has the most recorded species (23), followed by Ontario (17) and Newfoundland and Labrador (12). Arctogeophilus glacialis (Attems) and Alaskobius adlatus Chamberlin are newly reported from Canada (Northwest Territories), Schendyla nemorensis (Koch) is newly reported from Ontario, and Lithobius forficatus (Linnaeus) is recorded for the first time from New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island. Arctogeophilus melanonotus (Wood) is removed from the list of Canadian species.

1 aLangor, David, W.1 aLangor, Stephen, D. uhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-entomologist/article/abs/biota-of-canada-checklist-of-the-centipedes-of-canada-myriapoda-chilopoda/EDF1261C878100D1A7AAFC3DA3671C1003550nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245015500055210007000210260001500280300001200295490000800307520288100315653001103196653001803207653001603225653001503241653001303256100002003269856005503289 2021 eng d a0037-928X00aLes Himantariidae ouest-européens, avec la description d'une nouvelle espèce du genre Stigmatogaster Latzel, 1880 (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha)0 aLes Himantariidae ouesteuropéens avec la description dune nouvel c08/06/2021 a133-1580 v1263 a

Résumé: À l’issue d’un réexamen d’un ou plusieurs spécimens de quasiment toutes les espèces ouest-européennes du genre Stigmatogaster, une nouvelle espèce est décrite : S. tufi n. sp. visiblement endémique de Corse. De nouveaux éléments morphologiques sont donnés sur plusieurs espèces ouest-européennes, particulièrement sur Stigmatogaster sardoa qui est décrite en détail, sur certains caractères de S. excavata et sur la femelle d’Himantariella scutellaris qui était auparavant inconnue. S. arcisherculis a été retrouvée en France après 95 ans sans donnée dans ce pays. Toutes les espèces jusqu’à présent assignées à Haplophilus ou à Stigmatogaster sont ici classées dans le second genre. Des clés d’identification préliminaires des genres ouest-européens d’Himantariidae et des espèces de Stigmatogaster sont fournies, ainsi que de nombreuses illustrations. Une liste avec répartition des Himantariidae d’Europe occidentale est donnée. Grâce à des informations inédites de Lucio Bonato, Himantarium mediterraneum est confirmé en Europe.

The Western-European Himantariidae, with the description of a new species of the genus Stigmatogaster Latzel, 1880 (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha)

Abstract: After an examination of one or several specimens of almost all of the Western-European species of the genus Stigmatogaster, a new species is described: S. tufi n. sp. apparently endemic to Corsica. New morphological details are given on several Western-European Himantariidae, particularly Stigmatogaster sardoa which is described in detail and confirmed as clearly valid, for some characters of S. excavata and for the female of Himantariella scutellaris which was previously unknown. S. arcisherculis has been again identified in France after 95 years without records in this country. All species so far variously assigned to either Haplophilus or Stigmatogaster are here classified in a single genus Stigmatogaster. Preliminary illustrated identification keys for the Western-European genera of Himantariidae and for the Stigmatogaster species are given also in English. An updated checklist of the Western-European Himantariidae with their distribution is given. Thanks to unpublished information of Lucio Bonato, Himantarium mediterraneum is confirmed in Europe.

10aEurope10aHimantariella10aHimantarium10amorphology10aTaxonomy1 aIorio, Étienne uhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/35228241003253nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245016400055210006900219260001500288300000900303490000700312520249800319653001502817653001402832653002602846653001402872653001902886100001702905700002802922856008502950 2021 eng d a1742-999400aWhen SEM becomes a deceptive tool of analysis: the unexpected discovery of epidermal glands with stalked ducts on the ultimate legs of geophilomorph centipedes0 aWhen SEM becomes a deceptive tool of analysis the unexpected dis c20/04/2021 a1-190 v183 a

Background: The jointed appendage is a key novelty in arthropod evolution and arthropod legs are known to vary enormously in relation to function. Among centipedes, the ultimate legs always are distinctly different from locomotory legs, and different centipede taxa evolved different structural and functional modifications. In Geophilomorpha (soil centipedes), ultimate legs do not participate in locomotion and were interpret to serve a sensory function. They can be sexually dimorphic and in some species, male ultimate legs notably appear “hairy”. It can be assumed that the high abundance of sensilla indicates a pronounced sensory function. This study seeks for assessing the sensory diversity, however, documents the surprising and unique case of an extensive glandular epithelium in the ultimate legs of three phylogenetically distant species.
Results: The tightly aggregated epidermal glands with stalked ducts – mistakenly thought to be sensilla – were scrutinized using a multimodal microscopic approach comprising histology as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy in Haplophilus subterraneus. Hence, this is the first detailed account on centipede ultimate legs demonstrating an evolutionary transformation into a “secretory leg”. Additionally, we investigated sensory structures as well as anatomical features using microCT analysis. Contrary to its nomination as a tarsus, tarsus 1 possesses intrinsic musculature, which is an indication that this podomere might be a derivate of the tibia.
Discussion: The presence and identity of ultimate leg associated epidermal glands with stalked ducts is a new discovery for myriapods. A pronounced secretory as well as moderate sensory function in Haplophilus subterraneus can be concluded. The set of characters will improve future taxonomic studies, to test the hypotheses whether the presence of these specialized glands is a common feature in Geophilomorpha, and that tarsus 1 may be a derivate of the tibia. As the number of epidermal glands with stalked ducts is sexually dimorphic, their function might be connected to reproduction or a sex-specific defensive role. Our results, in particular the unexpected discovery of ‘glandular hairs’, may account for a striking example for how deceptive morphological descriptions of epidermal organs may be, if based on non-invasive techniques alone.

10acentipedes10aEvolution10aFunctional morphology10aHistology10aUltrastructure1 aSombke, Andy1 aMüller, Carsten, H. G. uhttps://frontiersinzoology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12983-021-00402-301247nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245007500055210006900130260001500199300001200214490000700226520049000233653001200723653002500735653002200760653002100782653002400803653002200827653002100849653002500870100002700895856008300922 2021 eng d a0132-806900aSome centipedes and millipedes (Myriapoda) new to the fauna of Belarus0 aSome centipedes and millipedes Myriapoda new to the fauna of Bel c25/03/2021 a106-1080 v303 a

Abstract: The first records of three species of centipedes and one species of millipede from Belarus are provided. All records are clearly synathropic.

РЕЗЮМЕ. Приведены сведения о фаунистических находках трёх новых видов губоногих и одного вида двупарноногих многоножек в Беларуси. Все находки явно синантропные.

10aBelarus10aBlaniulus guttulatus10afaunistic records10aGeophilus flavus10aLithobius crassipes10aLithobius microps10aБеларусь10aфаунистика1 aOstrovsky, Artsiom, M. uhttps://kmkjournals.com/journals/REJ/REJ_Index_Volumes/REJ_30/REJ_30_1_106_10801571nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245005000055210004900105260001500154300000900169490000700178520094300185653001601128653001301144653001401157653000901171653003001180653001901210100002401229700003201253856005601285 2021 eng d a2194-641800aCentipede bio-extremity elastic model control0 aCentipede bioextremity elastic model control c09/03/2021 a1-230 v173 a

In this research, a specimen of arthropod, infraspecies Cormocephalus calcaratus (centipede) is the matter of study for modeling its trunk-limb biomechanics. The endoskeletal system was built to model and approach its passive dynamics motion. The limb’s musculoskeletal system was digitally ’sculpted’ in three-dimension using the planar taxonomic sagittal, ventral and transventral views as metrical references, constrained in scale and geometry. The endoskeleton was modeled by an equivalent network of spring-mass-damper muscles with five joints controlled by two input muscles to manipulate the limb’s tip. The kinematic position equations with their higher-order derivatives and the inner muscles dynamics were deduced for a Newton-based dynamic controller to resemble scramble up motion. Simulations produced realistic controlled motions with expected limb’s dexterity underactuation.

10a3D modeling10aBiorobot10aCentipede10aLimb10aMusculoskeletal dexterity10aUnderactuation1 aGuaderrama, Joel, M1 aMartínez-García, Edgar, A uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12213-021-00141-y01559nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245011100055210006900166260001500235300000900250490000700259520103100266100002701297700002301324856005401347 2021 eng d a2041-172300aPhylogenetic analyses suggest centipede venom arsenals were repeatedly stocked by horizontal gene transfer0 aPhylogenetic analyses suggest centipede venom arsenals were repe c05/02/2021 a1-140 v123 a

Venoms have evolved over a hundred times in animals. Venom toxins are thought to evolve mostly by recruitment of endogenous proteins with physiological functions. Here we report phylogenetic analyses of venom proteome-annotated venom gland transcriptome data, assisted by genomic analyses, to show that centipede venoms have recruited at least five gene families from bacterial and fungal donors, involving at least eight horizontal gene transfer events. These results establish centipedes as currently the only known animals with venoms used in predation and defence that contain multiple gene families derived from horizontal gene transfer. The results also provide the first evidence for the implication of horizontal gene transfer in the evolutionary origin of venom in an animal lineage. Three of the bacterial gene families encode virulence factors, suggesting that horizontal gene transfer can provide a fast track channel for the evolution of novelty by the exaptation of bacterial weapons into animal venoms.

1 aUndheim, Eivind, A. B.1 aJenner, Ronald, A. uhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21093-8