01559nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245011100055210006900166260001500235300000900250490000700259520103100266100002701297700002301324856005401347 2021 eng d a2041-172300aPhylogenetic analyses suggest centipede venom arsenals were repeatedly stocked by horizontal gene transfer0 aPhylogenetic analyses suggest centipede venom arsenals were repe c05/02/2021 a1-140 v123 a

Venoms have evolved over a hundred times in animals. Venom toxins are thought to evolve mostly by recruitment of endogenous proteins with physiological functions. Here we report phylogenetic analyses of venom proteome-annotated venom gland transcriptome data, assisted by genomic analyses, to show that centipede venoms have recruited at least five gene families from bacterial and fungal donors, involving at least eight horizontal gene transfer events. These results establish centipedes as currently the only known animals with venoms used in predation and defence that contain multiple gene families derived from horizontal gene transfer. The results also provide the first evidence for the implication of horizontal gene transfer in the evolutionary origin of venom in an animal lineage. Three of the bacterial gene families encode virulence factors, suggesting that horizontal gene transfer can provide a fast track channel for the evolution of novelty by the exaptation of bacterial weapons into animal venoms.

1 aUndheim, Eivind, A. B.1 aJenner, Ronald, A. uhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21093-801070nas a2200133 4500008004100000245024900041210006900290260001500359300001200374490000700386520046500393100002700858856005100885 1816 eng d00aA tabular View of the external Characters of Four Classes of Animals, which Linné arranged under Insecta; with the Distribution of the Genera composing Three of these Classes into Orders, &c. and Descriptions of several New Genera and Species0 atabular View of the external Characters of Four Classes of Anima c24/01/1816 a306-4000 v113 a

Recommended citation: Leach, W. E. (1816) [1815]: A tabular View of the external Characters of Four Classes of Animals, which Linné arranged under Insecta; with the Distribution of the Genera composing Three of these Classes  into Orders, &c. and Descriptions of several New Genera and Species. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 11 (2): 306-400. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1813.tb00065.x

1 aLeach, William, Elford uhttps://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/1971601921nas a2200265 4500008004100000245005800041210005600099300001100155490000700166520120400173653001501377653001401392653001401406653002301420653000801443653001001451653001001461653001501471653000901486653001201495653001301507100003301520700003001553856007201583 2018 eng d00aChecklist of the centipedes (Chilopoda) of Hispaniola0 aChecklist of the centipedes Chilopoda of Hispaniola a74-1010 v123 a

Ten years have passed since the last checklist of Hispaniolan Chilopoda was done and the last bibliographic compendium was published. In this work we expand the former list of species and bibliography, update the taxonomic classification and provide an assessment on Chilobase records. A new intensive literature review was performed and both recent and formerly overlooked myriapodological works were included. The treatment of supraspecific taxonomic ranks was updated and follows Chilobase 2.0. This catalogue lists 4 fossil taxa as well as 24 extant species of centipedes from Hispaniola, 9 of which are endemic. For each extant species considered, there is information on Hispaniolan synonymies and geographic distribution. Included are some clarifications on synonymies and locality problems, and species with uncertain taxonomic status are indicated. Chilobase 2.0 was tested for completeness and accuracy. We propose several updates, grouped by incorrect species records, records not backed by known literature and species not under their currently accepted synonym. We also recommend chilopodologists to maintain active collaboration and send their updates to this useful database.

10acentipedes10aChilobase10aChilopoda10aDominican Republic10aEoL10afauna10aHaiti10aHispaniola10aITIS10aMCZbase10aMyriaLit1 aMartínez-Muñoz, Carlos, A.1 aPerez-Gelabert, Daniel, E uhttp://novitatescaribaea.do/index.php/novitates/article/view/86/155