02624nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245006100055210006100116260001500177300000900192490000800201520194600209653001902155653002702174653001802201653002302219653001902242100002002261700002402281700002202305856006702327 2020 eng d a0965-174800aDiversity and evolution of the P450 family in arthropods0 aDiversity and evolution of the P450 family in arthropods c22/10/2020 a1-220 v1273 a

The P450 family (CYP genes) of arthropods encodes diverse enzymes involved in the metabolism of foreign compounds and in essential endocrine or ecophysiological functions. The P450 sequences (CYPome) from 40 arthropod species were manually curated, including 31 complete CYPomes, and a maximum likelihood phylogeny of nearly 3000 sequences is presented. Arthropod CYPomes are assembled from members of six CYP clans of variable size, the CYP2, CYP3, CYP4 and mitochondrial clans, as well as the CYP20 and CYP16 clans that are not found in Neoptera. CYPome sizes vary from two dozen genes in some parasitic species to over 200 in species as diverse as collembolans or ticks. CYPomes are comprised of few CYP families with many genes and many CYP families with few genes, and this distribution is the result of dynamic birth and death processes. Lineage-specific expansions or blooms are found throughout the phylogeny and often result in genomic clusters that appear to form a reservoir of catalytic diversity maintained as heritable units. Among the many P450s with physiological functions, six CYP families are involved in ecdysteroid metabolism. However, five so-called Halloween genes are not universally represented and do not constitute the unique pathway of ecdysteroid biosynthesis. The diversity of arthropod CYPomes has only partially been uncovered to date and many P450s with physiological functions regulating the synthesis and degradation of endogenous signal molecules (including ecdysteroids) and semiochemicals (including pheromones and defense chemicals) remain to be discovered. Sequence diversity of arthropod P450s is extreme, and P450 sequences lacking the universally conserved Cys ligand to the heme have evolved several times. A better understanding of P450 evolution is needed to discern the relative contributions of stochastic processes and adaptive processes in shaping the size and diversity of CYPomes.

10aDetoxification10aEcdysteroid metabolism10aGene clusters10aOrthologous groups10aP450 Evolution1 aDermauw, Wannes1 aVan Leeuwen, Thomas1 aFeyereisen, René uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S096517482030179X00474nas a2200133 4500008004100000245010900041210006900150260001500219300001200234490000700246520001300253100002100266856005300287 1895 eng d00aOn the specific identity of the Australian Peripatus usually supposed to be P. leuckarti, Saenger0 aspecific identity of the Australian Peripatus usually supposed t c09/09/1895 a172-1940 v103 a
1 aFletcher, J., J. uhttps://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6368019