01783nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245014000055210006900195260001500264300001000279490000800289520101000297653001401307653005101321653005101372653001401423100002001437700001601457700001801473700001501491856004701506 2020 eng d a1313-297000aAn unusual new centipede subgenus Lithobius (Sinuispineus), with two new species from China (Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae)0 aunusual new centipede subgenus iLithobiusi iSinuispineusi with t c28/10/2020 a43-550 v9803 a

The present study describes a new Lithobiomorpha subgenus, Lithobius (Sinuispineus) subgen. nov., and two new species, L. (Sinuispineus) sinuispineus sp. nov. and L. (Sinuispineus) minuticornis sp. nov. from China. The representatives of the new subgenus are characterized by a considerable sexual dimorphism of the ultimate leg pair 15, having the femur and tibia unusually enlarged in males, and the dorsal side of the femur with curved posterior spurs. These features distinguish Lithobius (Sinuispineus) subgen. nov. from all other subgenera of Lithobius. The diagnosis and the main morphological characters of the new subgenus and of the two new species are given for both male and female specimens.

10aChilopoda10aLithobius (Sinuispineus) minuticornis sp. nov.10aLithobius (Sinuispineus) sinuispineus sp. nov.10aMyriapoda1 aChang, Xiaodong1 aPei, Sujian1 aZhu, Chunying1 aMa, Huiqin uhttps://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47295/02902nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245018700055210006900242260001500311300000900326490000800335520196400343653001402307653001402321653001402335653001402349653001302363653002102376100003502397700002102432700002002453700003202473700002902505700002302534856006702557 2020 eng d a0968-432800aEffects of short- and long-term exposure to cadmium on salivary glands and fat body of soil centipede Lithobius forficatus (Myriapoda, Chilopoda): Histology and ultrastructure0 aEffects of short and longterm exposure to cadmium on salivary gl c30/06/2020 a1-120 v1373 a

Cadmium (Cd) is the most widely studied heavy metal in terms of food-chain accumulation and contamination because it can strongly affect all environments (e.g., soil, water, air). It can accumulate in different tissues and organs and can affect the organism at different levels of organization: from organs, tissues and cells though cell organelles and structures to activation of mechanisms of survival and cell death. In soil-dwelling organisms heavy metals gather in all tissues with accumulation properties: midgut, salivary glands, fat body. The aim of this study was to describe the effects of cadmium on the soil species Lithobius forficatus, mainly on two organs responsible for gathering different substances, the fat body and salivary glands, at the ultrastructural level. Changes caused by cadmium short- and long-term intoxication, connected with cell death (autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis), and the crosstalk between them, were analyzed. Adult specimens of L. forficatus were collected in a natural environment and divided into three experimental groups: C (the control group), Cd1 (cultured in soil with 80 mg/kg of CdCl2 for 12 days) and Cd2 (cultured in soil with 80 mg/kg of CdCl2 for 45 days). Transmission electron microscopy revealed ultrastructural alterations in both of the organs analyzed (reduction in the amount of reserve material, the appearance of vacuoles, etc.). Qualitative analysis using TUNEL assay revealed distinct crosstalk between autophagy and necrosis in the fat body adipocytes, while crosstalk between autophagy, apoptosis and necrosis in the salivary glands was detected in salivary glands of the centipedes examined here. We conclude that different organs in the body can react differently to the same stressor, as well as to the same concentration and time of exposure. Different mechanisms at the ultrastructural level activate different types of cell death and with different dynamics.

10aApoptosis10aAutophagy10aCentipede10aMyriapoda10aNecrosis10aReserve material1 aRost-Roszkowska, Magdalena, M.1 aPoprawa, Izabela1 aChajec, Łukasz1 aChachulska-Żymełka, Alina1 aLeśniewska, Małgorzata1 aStudent, Sebastian uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S096843282030164502425nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245013300055210006900188260001500257300001000272490000700282520170600289653001601995653001102011653001402022653002102036653000902057100002002066700002202086856009902108 2020 eng d a0240-875900aInfluence of small- and large-scale ecological factors on the centipede (Chilopoda) assemblages of Armorican forests (NW France)0 aInfluence of small and largescale ecological factors on the cent c09/11/2020 a79-870 v703 a

Abstract: Despite their high functional role as abundant predators, the drivers of centipede assemblages remain poorly known in forests, especially in France. Using replicated depletion quadrats, we sampled five forests distributed over the Armorican Massif. A total of 5209 individuals belonging to 20 species was collected between 2015 and 2017. Assemblage composition was surprisingly constant across parcels, with only different dominant species in the oldest parcel (Bercé, Pays-de-Loire) and in the forest of Cerisy (Normandy). The latter hosted two exclusive species, likely because of both biogeographic and abiotic conditions, Geophilus truncorum and Lithobius aeruginosus. Species richness was overall close among sites and parcels, and therefore little influenced by tree age or dominant species. Individual densities varied between site pair-matched parcels, probably because of differences in temporal forest continuity rather than differences in tree ages. In quadrats, the presence of numerous ants strongly affected the number of centipedes, with global densities divided by an average factor of 7. Also at small spatial scale, we did not find a strong vertical stratification of centipede species in terms of presence-absence, with only 2 species exclusive of soil and none for litter, but with important differences in the relative abundance of dominant species. This study suggests that centipedes are important components of the forest soil and litter fauna, should be more frequently studied in French forests and have a potential of bio-indicators of local conditions in these habitats, as well as of temporal forest continuity.

10acompetition10alitter10aMyriapoda10aquadrat sampling10asoil1 aIorio, Étienne1 aPétillon, Julien uhttps://wwwphp.obs-banyuls.fr/Viemilieu/index.php/volume-70-2020/70-issue-1/701-article-8.html01204nas a2200421 4500008004100000245007500041210006900116300001200185490000700197653001400204653002400218653001900242653001600261653001300277653002400290653001800314653001600332653001900348653001600367653001600383653001700399653001900416653001600435653001900451653001600470653001600486653001400502653001600516653001500532653001600547653002200563653001400585653002000599653001900619653001700638100001700655856011000672 1997 eng d00aTracheal systems in Chilopoda: a comparison under phylogenetic aspects0 aTracheal systems in Chilopoda a comparison under phylogenetic as a49–600 v5110aChilopoda10aCraterostigmomorpha10aCraterostigmus10aCryptopidae10aCryptops10aElektronenmikroskop10aG.carpophagus10aGeophilidae10aGeophilomorpha10aH.gabrielis10aHimentarium10aL.forficatus10aLichtmikroskop10aLithobiidae10aLithobiomorpha10aMikroskopie10amorphologie10aMyriapoda10aOnychophora10aPhylogenie10aScolopendra10aScolopendromorpha10aScutigera10aScutigeromorpha10aTracheensystem10avergleichend1 aHilken, Gero uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/tracheal-systems-chilopoda-comparison-under-phylogenetic-aspects03060nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245010900055210006900164260001500233300001200248490000800260520235000268653001402618653001402632653000802646653001402654653002302668100002202691700002002713700002102733700001702754856004702771 2020 eng d a1313-298900aSubterranean biodiversity and depth distribution of myriapods in forested scree slopes of Central Europe0 aSubterranean biodiversity and depth distribution of myriapods in c28/04/2020 a117-1370 v9303 a

The shallow underground of rock debris is a unique animal refuge. Nevertheless, the research of this habitat lags far behind the study of caves and soil, due to technical and time-consuming demands. Data on Myriapoda in scree habitat from eleven localities in seven different geomorphological units of the Czech and Slovak Republics were processed. Based on previous studies, as well as knowledge of cave and soil fauna, it was hypothesised that the occurrence of a varied and peculiar fauna would show a pattern of depth distribution with variations due to local specificities. From 2005–2016 (at least one year on each site), macrofauna was collected via sets of three long-term exposed subterranean traps consisting of 110 cm long perforated tube, with ten cups located in a gradient at 5–95 cm below the soil surface. In total, 14 symphylans (not identified to species level), 271 centipedes (23 spp.) and 572 millipedes (32 spp.) were sampled. The overall depth distribution of centipedes and millipedes appeared to have relatively similar pattern, with both groups being found at all depth levels. Nevertheless, this pattern depends on locations. The depth distribution trend lines are mostly in the form of an asymmetric ‘U’, with decreased abundance until the middle of the gradient, followed by increase in the deepest levels. Epigeic species were sporadically distributed along the whole depth gradient, but concentrated at the soil surface, while some subterranean species, such as the centipede Lithobius lucifugus and the millipedes Geoglomeris subterranea, Cibiniulus slovacus and Archiboreoiulus pallidus, were recorded in the deepest parts of the gradient. This characterises the debris community as a mixture of soil and subterranean species with an absence of species exclusively found in caves. The use of different fixation methods in traps had a significant and selective impact on samples; millipedes were either attracted by ethylene glycol or repelled by formaldehyde. Centipedes were also captured more frequently in ethylene glycol; however, the species composition varied in each of the fixatives. Depth distribution of myriapods was similar in both fixative solutions. Traps with these fixatives could be recommended for similar ecological studies.

10aChilopoda10aDiplopoda10aMSS10aMyriapoda10asubterranean traps1 aHaľková, Beáta1 aTuf, Ivan, Hán1 aTajovský, Karel1 aMock, Andrej uhttps://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/48914/