02982nas a2200265 4500008004100000022002500041245018800066210006900254260001500323300001000338490000800348520201400356653001402370653001702384653001402401653001602415653002202431653001602453100001902469700002702488700002402515700002202539700001802561856013702579 2016 eng d a1313-2989, 1313-297000aA taxonomic review of the centipede genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) in mainland Southeast Asia, with description of a new species from Laos0 ataxonomic review of the centipede genus iScolopendrai Linnaeus 1 c17/05/2016 a1-1240 v5903 a

The centipede genus Scolopendra in mainland Southeast Asia is reviewed taxonomically based on morphological characters, informed by a molecular phylogenetic analysis using sequences from three mitochondrial and nuclear genes (COI, 16S rRNA and 28S rRNA). Eight nominal species of Scolopendra, namely S. morsitans Linnaeus, 1758, S. subspinipes Leach, 1816, S. dehaani Brandt, 1840, S. multidens Newport, 1844, S. calcarata Porat, 1876, S. japonica Koch, 1878, S. pinguis Pocock, 1891, and S. dawydoffi Kronmüller, 2012, are redescribed together with some revision of type materials. Geographical variation in each species has been compiled with reference to samples that span their distribution ranges in Southeast Asia and some parts of neighbouring areas such as East Asia, the Indian Ocean, and Africa. Comparative study of traditional taxonomic characters from external morphology provides further information to distinguish some closely related species. Scolopendra cataracta Siriwut, Edgecombe & Panha, sp. n., is described from the southern part of Laos, with additional records in Thailand and Vietnam. The phylogenetic framework for Southeast Asian Scolopendra recognizes S. calcarata + S. pinguis, S. morsitans, and a S. subspinipes group that unites the other six species as the main clades. Within the S. subspinipes group, two monophyletic groups can be distinguished by having either slender or short, thick ultimate leg prefemora and different numbers of apical spines on the coxopleuron. Scolopendra arborea Lewis, 1982, is placed in subjective synonymy with S. dehaani. A survey of external morphology of the genital segments confirms its potential for improving species identification in Scolopendra. Some observations on biology and behaviour are recorded based on field surveys in this area.

10aChilopoda10adistribution10aphylogeny10aScolopendra10aspecies diversity10asystematics1 aSiriwut, Warut1 aEdgecombe, Gregory, D.1 aSutcharit, Chirasak1 aTongkerd, Piyoros1 aPanha, Somsak uhttps://myriatrix.myspecies.info/content/taxonomic-review-centipede-genus-scolopendra-linnaeus-1758-scolopendromorpha-scolopendridae01673nas a2200265 4500008004100000022002500041245017100066210006900237260001500306300001000321490000900331520080000340653001301140653001501153653001401168653001601182653001301198100002201211700002401233700002401257700002001281700002701301700001801328856006101346 2012 eng d a1175-5334, 1175-532600aRevision of the rare centipede genus Sterropristes Attems, 1934, with description of a new species from Thailand (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae)0 aRevision of the rare centipede genus iSterropristesi Attems 1934 c14/09/2012 a35-520 v34843 a

The genus Sterropristes Attems, 1934, currently classified in the scolopendrid subfamily Otostigminae and tribe Sterropristini, is revised. The monotypic genus Malaccolabis Verhoeff, 1937, is synonymized with Sterropristes. Sterropristes sarasinorum Attems, 1934 from Tomohon, Celebes, Indonesia (type species of Sterropristes) and S. metallicus (Verhoeff, 1937) from Penang Hill, Penang, Malaysia (type species of Malaccolabis) are redescribed based on their type material, together with newly collected topotypes of S. metallicus. Sterropristes violaceus Muadsub and Panha n. sp., found under leaves on islands in the Andaman Sea, south-western Thailand, is described.

10aMalaysia10amorphology10aMyriapoda10asystematics10aTaxonomy1 aMuadsub, Sawitree1 aSutcharit, Chirasak1 aPimvichai, Piyatida1 aEnghoff, Henrik1 aEdgecombe, Gregory, D.1 aPanha, Somsak uhttps://www.mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.3484.1.207787nas a2200193 4500008004100000245004200041210004000083260005000123300000800173490002800181520722800209653001407437653001407451653001407465653001307479653001607492100003207508856005307540 2010 eng d00aPhylogeny of the Symphyla (Myriapoda)0 aPhylogeny of the Symphyla Myriapoda aBerlinbFreie Universität Berlinc12/02/2010 a1470 vDoctor rerum naturalium3 a

Summary: The Symphyla are the smallest subgroup of the myriapods, with about 200 species which are representatives of the soil fauna. Some of their features and their cosmopolitan distribution corroborate the view that they are geologically old. However, their phylogenetical relationships to other arthropods are still unclear, and the main reason is the lack of understanding of their phylogeny.
In this study, the external morphology of 15 species representing the seven European genera has been studied in detail by scanning electron microscopy. New data on distribution and taxonomy, including new diagnostic characters, are especially provided for the subgroup Scolopendrellidae. Variation in some morphological features of the head, first segments, sense calicles and cerci has led to the development of a new key to the European genera, which facilitates determinations of this taxonomically difficult group.
The internal anatomy of the head has been investigated in representatives of five genera and the skeletomuscular anatomy of three scolopendrellids is described for the first time. Detailed data on the tentorial complex confirms of the presence of “fultural sclerites” in Symphyla, which supports the monophyly of Myriapoda. The tentorial complex and musculature of the scolopendrellid Scolopendrella presents more similarities to the Scutigerellidae than to Symphylella and Scolopendrellopsis (the other two studied Scolopendrellidae). These latter two genera show features that – compared to the state in other myriapod subgroups – seem to be plesiomorphic, such as the presence of a laminar tentorium with only one bridge, the absence of tracheae in the head, as well as the presence of large dorsal muscles of the mandibular base. These characters are shared with other myriapod subgroups and show that the musculature of mouthparts in Symphyla is not as specialized as has been previously assumed to date.
Data on the external morphology and internal anatomy was compiled in a character matrix –completed from the literature for the remaining genera. After cladistic analysis, the shortest cladograms are incongruent with the traditional classification of the two families. The family Scutigerellidae is retrieved as a monophylum while Scolopendrellidae is resolved as a paraphyletic group with respect to the Scutigerellidae. The scolopendrellids Scolopendrella, Geophilella and Parviapiciella form a monophyletic group with the Scutigerellidae characterised by the presence of tracheae in the head and two tentorial bridges, among other synapomorphies. The remaining Scolopendrellidae form a monophyletic group without significant support, the resolution of which varies under different character weightings. Among other considerations, the proposed phylogenetic hypothesis supports the view that increase and reductions of the number of trunk scuta happened several times in the evolution of the Symphyla, possibly as adaptations to different subterranean life habits. To unravel the phylogenetic position of the Symphyla among Arthropoda, the genera Scolopendrella, Scolopendrellopsis and Symphylellina are revealed as the most accurate taxon sampling for this group as they seem to maintain most of the ancestral states of the Symphyla according to the shortest trees revealed in this study.

Zusammenfassung: Die Symphyla, die Vertreter der Bodenfauna sind, bilden mit etwa 200 Arten die artenärmste Teilgruppe der Myriapoda. Einige ihrer Merkmale und ihre kosmopolitische Verbreitung lassen auf ein hohes geologisches Alter schließen. Ihre Stellung im System der Arthropoda ist jedoch unklar. Der wichtigste Grund dafür ist, dass bis heute kein phylogenetisches System für die Symphyla vorliegt.
In dieser Arbeit wurde die äußere Morphologie von 15 Arten, die alle sieben bekannten europäischen Gattungen repräsentieren, mittels Rasterelektronenmikroskopie studiert. Insbesondere für die Teilgruppe Scolopendrellidae werden neue diagnostische Merkmale sowie neue Verbreitungsdaten mit Bemerkungen über ihre Taxonomie vorgestellt. Neu entdeckte Merkmale der Morphologie des Kopfes, der ersten Segmente, Trichobothrien und Cerci führen zu einem neuen Bestimmungsschlüssel, der die Bestimmung dieser taxonomisch schwierigen Gruppe erleichtert.
Für fünf Genera wird exemplarisch die innere Kopfanatomie dargestellt. Zum ersten Mal werden die Muskulatur und das Kopfinnenskelett (Tentorium) bei den Scolopendrellidae anhand von 3 Arten beschrieben. Detaillierte Daten über den tentorialen Komplex bestätigen die Existenz von „fultural sclerites“ und dieses wiederum unterstützt die Monophylie der Myriapoda. Die Scolopendrellide Scolopendrella zeigt mehr Ähnlichkeiten mit den Scutigerellidae als mit Symphylella und Scolopendrellopsis (die beiden anderen hier untersuchten Scolopendrelliden). Letztere zeigen Merkmale, die als Plesiomorphien interpretiert werden, insbesondere die Ausbildung eines laminaren Tentoriums mit nur einer einzigen Tentorialbrücke, das Fehlen von Tracheen im Kopf und Vorhandensein von großen dorsalen Muskeln am proximalen Mandibelgrundglied. Diese Merkmale werden mit anderen Teilgruppen der Myriapoda geteilt und zeigen, dass die Muskulatur der Mundwerkzeuge bei den Symphyla nicht so spezialisiert ist, wie bislang angenommen wurde.
Mit den neuen Daten zur äußeren Morphologie und inneren Kopfanatomie wurde eine Merkmalsmatrix zusammengestellt und mit Literaturdaten für die restlichen Gattungen ergänzt. Mittels kladistischer Analyse werden Kladogramme generiert, die inkongruent mit der traditionellen Klassifikation der zwei Familien sind. Die Scutigerellidae erweisen sich als monophyletische Gruppe, während sich die Scolopendrellidae als paraphyletisch herausstellen. Die Scolopendrelliden-Gattungen Scolopendrella, Geophilella und Parviapiciella sind näher mit den Scutigerellidae verwandt als mit den restlichen Teilgruppen der Scolopendrellidae. Diese Hypothese wird vor allem durch zwei apomorphe Merkmale gestützt: die Bildung von Tracheen im Kopf, sowie die Existenz von zwei ligamentösen Brücken im Tentorium. Im Gegensatz dazu bilden die restlichen Scolopendrellidae eine monophyletische Gruppe ohne nennenswerte Unterstützung, deren Topologie in Abhängigkeit von der Merkmalsgewichtung variiert. Neben anderen Schlussfolgerungen unterstützt die neue phylogenetische Hypothese die Annahme, dass Veränderungen in der Anzahl der Rückenplatten mehrfach unabhängig in der Evolution der Symphyla erfolgt sind, wahrscheinlich als Ausdruck der Anpassung an verschiedene unterirdische Lebensweisen. Nach der vorliegenden Untersuchung sind Vertreter der Gattungen Scolopendrella, Scolopendrellopsis und Symphylellina besonders geeignet, um die Stellung der Symphyla innerhalb der Arthropoda zu untersuchen, da sie viele ursprüngliche Merkmale bewahrt haben.

10aEvolution10aMyriapoda10aphylogeny10aSymphyla10asystematics1 aCamacho, Miguel, Domínguez uhttps://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/395902336nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245010900055210006900164260001500233300001600248490000700264520155700271653001701828653001401845653001301859653001601872653001601888653001501904100002201919700003001941700003001971700002102001856006002022 2021 eng d a1537-171900aPhylogenomic Analysis of Velvet Worms (Onychophora) Uncovers an Evolutionary Radiation in the Neotropics0 aPhylogenomic Analysis of Velvet Worms Onychophora Uncovers an Ev c24/08/2021 a5391 - 54040 v383 a

Onychophora (“velvet worms”) are charismatic soil invertebrates known for their status as a “living fossil,” their phylogenetic affiliation to arthropods, and their distinctive biogeographic patterns. However, several aspects of their internal phylogenetic relationships remain unresolved, limiting our understanding of the group’s evolutionary history, particularly with regard to changes in reproductive mode and dispersal ability. To address these gaps, we used RNA sequencing and phylogenomic analysis of transcriptomes to reconstruct the evolutionary relationships and infer divergence times within the phylum. We recovered a fully resolved and well-supported phylogeny for the circum-Antarctic family Peripatopsidae, which retains signals of Gondwanan vicariance and showcases the evolutionary lability of reproductive mode in the family. Within the Neotropical clade of Peripatidae, though, we found that amino acid-translated sequence data masked nearly all phylogenetic signal, resulting in highly unstable and poorly supported relationships. Analyses using nucleotide sequence data were able to resolve many more relationships, though we still saw discordant phylogenetic signal between genes, probably indicative of a rapid, mid-Cretaceous radiation in the group. Finally, we hypothesize that the unique reproductive mode of placentotrophic viviparity found in all Neotropical peripatids may have facilitated the multiple inferred instances of over-water dispersal and establishment on oceanic islands.

10abiogeography10adispersal10aGondwana10aOnychophora10asystematics10avicariance1 aBaker, Caitlin, M1 aBuckman-Young, Rebecca, S1 aCosta, Cristiano, Sampaio1 aGiribet, Gonzalo uhttps://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/38/12/5391/635704801940nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245005200055210004800107260001500155300000900170490000600179520137100185653001701556653001401573653001401587653001601601653001301617100001801630856008601648 2008 eng d a1875-253500aA reclassification of the Pauropoda (Myriapoda)0 areclassification of the Pauropoda Myriapoda c01/01/2008 a1-380 v13 a

In the reclassification proposed below the Pauropoda is divided in two orders: Hexameroceata with one family and Tetramerocerata with eight families. Bagnall´s division in the suborders Ectomorpha and Endomorpha is removed. The Tetramerocerata is divided in three superfamilies: Pauropodoidea with four families (Pauropodidae, Polypauropodidae, Amphipauropodidae and Diplopauropodidae), Brachypauropodoidea with two families (Brachypauropodidae and Hansenauropodidae) and Eurypauropodoidea with two families (Eurypauropodidae and Sphaeropauropodidae). One new family is erected, Amphipauropodidae, and three new genera are erected, Ferepaurpus and Eburnipauropus in Pauropodidae and Borneopauropus in Brachypauropodidae. The following taxa have got new stat.: Decapauropus Remy, Desmopauropus Scheller, Perissopauropus Scheller, Propepauropus Scheller, Donzelotauropus Remy, Nesopauropus Scheller, Diplopauropodidae Scheller, Hansenauropodidae Remy, Antillauropus Remy, Virginopauropus Scheller, Sphaeropauropodidae Verhoeff. A list of incertae sedis, nomina dubia and nomina nuda has been prepared. For each genus the distribution and the number of known species is given. The Pauropoda has now two orders, 9 families, 40 genera and about 780 species.

10abiogeography10aMyriapoda10aPauropoda10asystematics10aTaxonomy1 aScheller, Ulf uhttp://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/187525408x31673004309nas a2200325 4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260001500230300001200245490000700257520339300264653001403657653001303671653001703684653001303701653001403714653001403728653001203742653001303754653001603767653001603783100002103799700002603820700002003846700002103866700001603887700001803903856006203921 2015 eng d a1469-185X00aBiogeography and speciation of terrestrial fauna in the south-western Australian biodiversity hotspot0 aBiogeography and speciation of terrestrial fauna in the southwes c15/08/2014 a762-7930 v903 a

The south‐western land division of Western Australia (SWWA), bordering the temperate Southern and Indian Oceans, is the only global biodiversity hotspot recognised in Australia. Renowned for its extraordinary diversity of endemic plants, and for some of the largest and most botanically significant temperate heathlands and woodlands on Earth, SWWA has long fascinated biogeographers. Its flat, highly weathered topography and the apparent absence of major geographic factors usually implicated in biotic diversification have challenged attempts to explain patterns of biogeography and mechanisms of speciation in the region. Botanical studies have always been central to understanding the biodiversity values of SWWA, although surprisingly few quantitative botanical analyses have allowed for an understanding of historical biogeographic processes in both space and time. Faunistic studies, by contrast, have played little or no role in defining hotspot concepts, despite several decades of accumulating quantitative research on the phylogeny and phylogeography of multiple lineages. In this review we critically analyse datasets with explicit supporting phylogenetic data and estimates of the time since divergence for all available elements of the terrestrial fauna, and compare these datasets to those available for plants. In situ speciation has played more of a role in shaping the south‐western Australian fauna than has long been supposed, and has occurred in numerous endemic lineages of freshwater fish, frogs, reptiles, snails and less‐vagile arthropods. By contrast, relatively low levels of endemism are found in birds, mammals and highly dispersive insects, and in situ speciation has played a negligible role in generating local endemism in birds and mammals. Quantitative studies provide evidence for at least four mechanisms driving patterns of endemism in south‐western Australian animals, including: (i) relictualism of ancient Gondwanan or Pangaean taxa in the High Rainfall Province; (ii) vicariant isolation of lineages west of the Nullarbor divide; (iii) in situ speciation; and (iv) recent population subdivision. From dated quantitative studies we derive four testable models of historical biogeography for animal taxa in SWWA, each explicit in providing a spatial, temporal and topological perspective on patterns of speciation or divergence. For each model we also propose candidate lineages that may be worthy of further study, given what we know of their taxonomy, distributions or relationships. These models formalise four of the strongest patterns seen in many animal taxa from SWWA, although other models are clearly required to explain particular, idiosyncratic patterns. Generating numerous new datasets for suites of co‐occurring lineages in SWWA will help refine our understanding of the historical biogeography of the region, highlight gaps in our knowledge, and allow us to derive general postulates from quantitative (rather than qualitative) results. For animals, this process has now begun in earnest, as has the process of taxonomically documenting many of the more diverse invertebrate lineages. The latter remains central to any attempt to appreciate holistically biogeographic patterns and processes in SWWA, and molecular phylogenetic studies should – where possible – also lead to tangible taxonomic outcomes.

10aArachnida10aChordata10aconservation10aDecapoda10aDiplopoda10aEvolution10aInsecta10aMollusca10aOnychophora10asystematics1 aRix, Michael, G.1 aEdwards, Danielle, L.1 aByrne, Margaret1 aHarvey, Mark, S.1 aJoseph, Leo1 aRoberts, Dale uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/brv.1213202424nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260001500230300000900245520153800254653001701792653002801809653002501837653001701862653001501879653001401894653001401908653001601922653001801938653001601956100003001972700002102002700002802023856009502051 2020 eng d a0024-408200aMorphological and molecular phylogeny of Epiperipatus (Onychophora: Peripatidae): a combined approach0 aMorphological and molecular phylogeny of Epiperipatus Onychophor c07/11/2020 a1-313 a

Onychophora, or velvet worms, are a key group for understanding ecdysozoan evolution. It comprises two families: Peripatopsidae, largely of Austral distribution, and Peripatidae, which is circumtropical. The interrelationships between the members of Peripatidae present many taxonomic issues exacerbated in the radiation of the Neotropical species or Neopatida. To understand the phylogeny of Neopatida, and to test the information of such morphological characters, we gathered novel molecular and morphological datasets focusing on Neotropical specimens. Our data were analysed using a combination of parsimony and maximum likelihood for the individual and combined molecular and morphological datasets. An analysis of morphology alone was inconclusive, supporting the notion that morphological characters used in peripatid taxonomy have little power to resolve phylogenetic relationships among higher taxa in Neopatida. However, the analyses of molecular or combined data show a split of the Neotropical species into two clades, which we use to reassign genera. Epiperipatus, as currently understood, is non-monophyletic, because it includes species of monotypic genera. To avoid paraphyly of Epiperipatus, the following new combinations are proposed: Epiperipatus bouvieri (Fuhrmann, 1913), Epiperipatus hitoyensis (Oliveira et al., 2012a), Epiperipatus solorzanoi (Morera-Brenes & Monge-Nájera, 2010) and Epiperipatus sucuriuensis (Oliveira et al., 2015).

10abiogeography10acaraïbes onychophorans10aconserved morphology10aEpiperipatus10amorphology10aNeopatida10aNew World10aPeripatidae10aSouth America10asystematics1 aCosta, Cristiano, Sampaio1 aGiribet, Gonzalo1 aPinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo uhttps://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/advance-article/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa100/595994301754nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245018200055210006900237260001200306300001200318490000700330520097900337653001501316653001901331653001701350653001401367653001401381653001601395653001601411653001301427100002001440856005201460 1998 eng d a0065-675500aReview of the millipede subfamily Amplininae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Aphelidesmidae) with remarks on phylogeny and the description of some new South American genera and species0 aReview of the millipede subfamily Amplininae Diplopoda Polydesmi c12/1998 a129-1630 v153 a

A review of the millipede subfamily Amplininae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Aphelidesmidae) is presented. The genera Meridiurus, Tribrachiorus, Coleocacamus, Kallistopeltis, Sculptoteles and Pastazina are erected as new. Description of the new species Polylepiscus hirmerae n.sp., Meridiurus venitus n.sp., Tribrachiorus suarezi n.sp., T. huila n.sp., Coleocacamus depressus n.sp., C. labialveus n.sp., Thrinoxethus juani n.sp., T. junini n.sp., T. siolii n.sp. and Pastazina crassa n.sp. are given. Tribrachiorus polygonatus (GERVAIS, 1847), Kallistopeltis kalonota (ATTEMS, 1899), and Sculptoteles braueri (CARL, 1918) are redescribed. An analysis is attempted to elucidate the phylogenetic and, to some extent, biogeographical relationships of the genera as they are conceived of at the present.

10aAmplininae10aAphelidesmidae10abiogeography10aDiplopoda10aphylogeny10aPolydesmida10asystematics10aTaxonomy1 aVohland, Katrin uhttp://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0004-91E6-401435nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245012800055210006900183260001500252300001400267490000700281520074700288653001401035653001501049653002201064653001601086100002901102700002301131856007501154 1992 eng d a0013-874600aMillipeds from Dominican Amber, with the Description of Two New Species (Diplopoda: Siphonophoridae) of Siphonophora0 aMillipeds from Dominican Amber with the Description of Two New S c01/07/1992 a363 - 3690 v853 a

Representatives of 11 genera (Lophoproctus?, Glomeridesmus, Epinannolene, Siphonophora, Siphonotus, Docodesmus, lomus, Lophodesmus?, Psochodesmus, Dasyodontus, and Inodesmus?) are reported from Dominican amber, most of them constituting the first or oldest fossils of their corresponding higher taxa. Extant species of lomus and Inodesmus have not been reported from Hispaniola; a chelodesmid seems more closely related to South American genera than to present-day Caribbean diplopods. Siphonophora hoffmani spec. nov. and S. velezi spec. nov. are described from adults embedded in Dominican amber.

10aDiplopoda10aHispaniola10aSiphonophora spp.10asystematics1 aSantiago-Blay, Jorge, A.1 aPoinar, George, O. uhttps://academic.oup.com/aesa/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/aesa/85.4.363