@article {1530, title = {Some arthropods recently intercepted entering New Zealand in orchids from Honduras}, journal = {New Zealand Entomologist}, volume = {7}, year = {1980}, pages = {127-129}, abstract = {

A shipment of Laelia orchids from Honduras was found to have many arthropods in the hollow pseudobulbs, in particular ants and termites, on its arrival in New Zealand.

}, keywords = {Arthropods, Honduras, interception, Laelia, New Zealand, orchids}, issn = {0077-9962}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1080/00779962.1980.9722351}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00779962.1980.9722351}, author = {Keall, J. B.} } @article {1405, title = {Morphological revision of Siphonophora hui (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Siphonophoridae) from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber}, journal = {Palaeoentomology}, volume = {4}, year = {2021}, month = {29/06/2021}, pages = {279-288}, abstract = {

Siphonophora hui Jiang et al., 2019, known from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber, is the first formally described fossil species of the extant myriapod family Siphonophoridae. Here we re-study this species using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) on the basis of three new specimens from the same deposit. A comparison between the fossil and extant species of Siphonophora is given and several new morphological details are discussed.

}, keywords = {Arthropods, Burmite, Cretaceous, Myanmar, Palaeodiversity}, issn = {2624-2834, 2624-2826}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.3.15}, url = {https://mapress.com/pe/article/view/palaeoentomology.4.3.15}, author = {Su, Yi-Tong and Cai, Chen-Yang and Huang, Di-Ying} } @article {1221, title = {Arthropod diversity in two Historic Gardens in the Azores, Portugal}, journal = {Biodiversity Data Journal}, volume = {8}, year = {2020}, month = {06/08/2020}, pages = {1-27}, abstract = {

The aim of our study was to characterise and compare the richness and composition of endemic, native (non-endemic) and introduced arthropod assemblages of two Azorean Historic Gardens with contrasting plant species composition. We hypothesised that Faial Botanic Garden would hold higher arthropod diversity and abundance of native and endemic arthropod species due to its larger native plant community. Species were collected using several arthropod standardised techniques between April 2017 and June 2018. We used the alpha diversity metrics (Hill series) and the partitioning of total beta diversity (\βtotal) into its replacement (\βrepl) and richness (\βrich) components, to analyse the adult and total arthropod community. The orders Araneae, Coleoptera and Hemiptera were also studied separately. Our results show that the number of exotic arthropod species exceeds the number of native and/or the endemic species in both gardens, but the arthropod community of Faial Botanic Garden exhibited a higher density of endemic and native species. Despite some minor exceptions, the geographic origins of plant communities largely influenced the arthropod species sampled in each garden. This study improves our knowledge about urban arthropod diversity in the Azores and shows how well-designed urban garden management and planning contribute to the conservation of native and endemic Azorean species.

}, keywords = {Araneae, Arthropods, beta diversity partitioning, Coleoptera, diversity metrics, endemic species, Hemiptera, Hill series, introduced species, urban gardens}, issn = {1314-2836}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e54749}, url = {https://bdj.pensoft.net/article/54749/}, author = {Arteaga, Alba and Malumbres-Olarte, Jagoba and Gabriel, Rosalina and Ros-Prieto, Alejandra and Casimiro, Pedro and Sanchez, Ana Fuentes and Albergaria, Isabel S. and Borges, Paulo A.V.} } @article {832, title = {Gene content evolution in the arthropods}, journal = {Genome Biology}, volume = {21}, year = {2020}, month = {23/01/2020}, pages = {1-14}, abstract = {

Background: Arthropods comprise the largest and most diverse phylum on Earth and play vital roles in nearly every ecosystem. Their diversity stems in part from variations on a conserved body plan, resulting from and recorded in adaptive changes in the genome. Dissection of the genomic record of sequence change enables broad questions regarding genome evolution to be addressed, even across hyper-diverse taxa within arthropods.
Results: Using 76 whole genome sequences representing 21 orders spanning more than 500 million years of arthropod evolution, we document changes in gene and protein domain content and provide temporal and phylogenetic context for interpreting these innovations. We identify many novel gene families that arose early in the evolution of arthropods and during the diversification of insects into modern orders. We reveal unexpected variation in patterns of DNA methylation across arthropods and examples of gene family and protein domain evolution coincident with the appearance of notable phenotypic and physiological adaptations such as flight, metamorphosis, sociality, and chemoperception.
Conclusions: These analyses demonstrate how large-scale comparative genomics can provide broad new insights into the genotype to phenotype map and generate testable hypotheses about the evolution of animal diversity.

}, keywords = {Arthropods, DNA methylation, Evolution, Gene content, Genome assembly, Genomics, Protein domains}, issn = {1474-760X}, doi = {10.1186/s13059-019-1925-7}, url = {https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13059-019-1925-7}, author = {Thomas, Gregg W. C. and Dohmen, Elias and Hughes, Daniel S. T. and Murali, Shwetha C. and Poelchau, Monica and Glastad, Karl and Anstead, Clare A. and Ayoub, Nadia A. and Batterham, Phillip and Bellair, Michelle and Binford, Greta J. and Chao, Hsu and Chen, Yolanda H. and Childers, Christopher and Dinh, Huyen and Doddapaneni, Harsha Vardhan and Duan, Jian J. and Dugan, Shannon and Esposito, Lauren A. and Friedrich, Markus and Garb, Jessica and Gasser, Robin B. and Goodisman, Michael A. D. and Gundersen-Rindal, Dawn E. and Han, Yi and Handler, Alfred M. and Hatakeyama, Masatsugu and Hering, Lars and Hunter, Wayne B. and Ioannidis, Panagiotis and Jayaseelan, Joy C. and Kalra, Divya and Khila, Abderrahman and Korhonen, Pasi K. and Lee, Carol Eunmi and Lee, Sandra L. and Li, Yiyuan and Lindsey, Amelia R. I. and Mayer, Georg and McGregor, Alistair P. and McKenna, Duane D. and Misof, Bernhard and Munidasa, Mala and Munoz-Torres, Monica and Muzny, Donna M. and Niehuis, Oliver and Osuji-Lacy, Nkechinyere and Palli, Subba R. and Panfilio, Kristen A. and Pechmann, Matthias and Perry, Trent and Peters, Ralph S. and Poynton, Helen C. and Prpic, Nikola-Michael and Qu, Jiaxin and Rotenberg, Dorith and Schal, Coby and Schoville, Sean D. and Scully, Erin D. and Skinner, Evette and Sloan, Daniel B. and Stouthamer, Richard and Strand, Michael R. and Szucsich, Nikolaus U. and Wijeratne, Asela and Young, Neil D. and Zattara, Eduardo E. and Benoit, Joshua B. and Zdobnov, Evgeny M. and Pfrender, Michael E. and Hackett, Kevin J. and Werren, John H. and Worley, Kim C. and Gibbs, Richard A. and Chipman, Ariel D. and Waterhouse, Robert M. and Bornberg-Bauer, Erich and Hahn, Matthew W. and Richards, Stephen} } @article {105, title = {Major Revisions in Arthropod Phylogeny Through Improved Supermatrix, With Support for Two Possible Waves of Land Invasion by Chelicerates}, journal = {Evolutionary Bioinformatics}, volume = {16}, year = {2020}, month = {05/02/2020}, pages = {1-12}, abstract = {

Deep phylogeny involving arthropod lineages is difficult to recover because the erosion of phylogenetic signals over time leads to unreliable multiple sequence alignment (MSA) and subsequent phylogenetic reconstruction. One way to alleviate the problem is to assemble a large number of gene sequences to compensate for the weakness in each individual gene. Such an approach has led to many robustly supported but contradictory phylogenies. A close examination shows that the supermatrix approach often suffers from two shortcomings. The first is that MSA is rarely checked for reliability and, as will be illustrated, can be poor. The second is that, to alleviate the problem of homoplasy at the third codon position of protein-coding genes due to convergent evolution of nucleotide frequencies, phylogeneticists may remove or degenerate the third codon position but may do it improperly and introduce new biases. We performed extensive reanalysis of one of such \“big data\” sets to highlight these two problems, and demonstrated the power and benefits of correcting or alleviating these problems. Our results support a new group with Xiphosura and Arachnopulmonata (Tetrapulmonata + Scorpiones) as sister taxa. This favors a new hypothesis in which the ancestor of Xiphosura and the extinct Eurypterida (sea scorpions, of which many later forms lived in brackish or freshwater) returned to the sea after the initial chelicerate invasion of land. Our phylogeny is supported even with the original data but processed with a new \“principled\” codon degeneration. We also show that removing the 1673 codon sites with both AGN and UCN codons (encoding serine) in our alignment can partially reconcile discrepancies between nucleotide-based and AA-based tree, partly because two sequences, one with AGN and the other with UCN, would be identical at the amino acid level but quite different at the nucleotide level.

}, keywords = {alignment method, Arthropods, codon degeneration method, Deep phylogeny, land colonization}, issn = {1176-9343}, doi = {10.1177/1176934320903735}, url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1176934320903735}, author = {Noah, Katherine E and Hao, Jiasheng and Li, Luyan and Sun, Xiaoyan and Foley, Brian and Yang, Qun and Xia, Xuhua} }