@article {1997, title = {Introduced millipeds (Arthropoda: Diplopoda) of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas}, journal = {The Southwestern Naturalist}, volume = {63}, year = {2019}, month = {07/10/2019}, pages = {284-289}, abstract = {

Abstract: Introduced (or exotic) species are any taxa living outside their native range. The ecological impact of these species is highly variable although many have altered, at the ecosystem level, biological communities and their native fauna. Millipeds (Diplopoda) are known to have arrived into many nonnative sites via potted plants and compost from greenhouses. Here, we provide a summary of the introduced millipeds of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas.

Resumen: Las especies introducidas (o ex\óticas) son cualquier tax\ón que vive fuera de su rango nativo. El impacto ecol\ógico de estas especies es muy variable, aunque muchas han alterado las comunidades biol\ógicas y su fauna nativa a la escala de ecosistema. Se sabe que los milpi\és (Diplopoda) han llegado a muchos sitios no nativos a trav\és de plantas en macetas y composta de invernaderos. Aqu\í, ofrecemos un resumen de los milpi\és introducidos en Arkansas, Luisiana, Oklahoma y Texas.

}, issn = {0038-4909}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909-63-4-284}, url = {https://bioone.org/journals/the-southwestern-naturalist/volume-63/issue-4/0038-4909-63-4-284/INTRODUCED-MILLIPEDS-ARTHROPODA--DIPLOPODA-OF-ARKANSAS-LOUISIANA-OKLAHOMA-AND/10.1894/0038-4909-63-4-284.full}, author = {McAllister, Chris T. and Robison, Henry W.} } @article {1844, title = {Diplopodes {\'e}pig{\'e}s et cavernicoles des Pyr{\'e}n{\'e}es Espagnoles et des Monts Cantabriques. I-III. Introduction, Polyzonides et Craspedosomides}, journal = {Bulletin de la Soci{\'e}t{\'e} d{\textquoteright}histoire naturelle de Toulouse}, volume = {106}, year = {1971}, month = {30/01/1971}, pages = {401-422}, abstract = {

Recommended citation: Mauri\ès, J.-P. (1971): Diplopodes \épig\és et cavernicoles des Pyr\én\ées Espagnoles et des Monts Cantabriques. I-III. Introduction, Polyzonides et Craspedosomides. Bulletin de la Soci\ét\é d\&$\#$39;histoire naturelle de Toulouse, 106 (3-4): 401-422. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6556155z/f149

Publication date remark: The exact date of publication is \“30 Janvier 1971\”. It is printed on the top right corner of the cover page of volume 106, joint fascicles 3 and 4, and also on page 473.

}, issn = {0758-4113}, url = {https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6556155z/f149}, author = {Mauri{\`e}s, Jean-Paul} } @book {1837, title = {Atlas of European Millipedes (Class Diplopoda). Volume 1. Orders Polyxenida, Glomerida, Platydesmida, Siphonocryptida, Polyzoniida, Callipodida, Polydesmida}, series = {Fauna Europeaea Evertebrata}, volume = {1}, year = {2011}, pages = {282}, publisher = {Pensoft Publishers}, organization = {Pensoft Publishers}, address = {Sofia}, abstract = {

This is the first in a series of three books which will, for the first time ever, show the distribution of Europe\’s more than 1500 species of millipedes on 50 X 50 km square maps. The present volume includes 492 species, including the tiny, beautiful pincushion millipedes, the colourful pill-millipedes and the flat-backed millipedes. The millipede atlas is the result of many years\’ meticulous accumulation of records provided by a large number of contributors from all over Europe, interpretation of label data from collections, and scrutiny of old literature. The atlas builds on the taxonomic backbone provided by the Fauna Europaea project which provides information on names, synonyms and distribution by country or region of non-marine European animals.

The decision to produce a series of atlases showing the distribution of myriapods in Europe was taken by the participants at the Fourth International Congress of Myriapodology held in Gargnano in 1978 and soon after this the project received the full backing of the European Invertebrate Survey. Desmond Kime was designated to assemble the data. Much help has been received from the International Centre of Myriapodology in Paris which is acknowledged in this volume, together with the contributions of many members engaged in research in this field. Early in the 21st Century when Henrik Enghoff was playing a major role in Fauna Europaea the two authors joined forces with a view to making this millipede atlas and Fauna Europaea entirely compatible. It is hoped that this atlas will both stimulate and be a foundation for further studies. In several European countries the distribution and often the ecological requirements of millipedes are quite well understood but in many regions the information is fragmentary, the maps revealing where much remains to be done. There are undoubtedly many more species to discover. As a result of the work already undertaken it has become apparent that millipedes are very good bioindicators, being slow-moving and having particular habitat requirements which are helpful in biogeographical and evolutionary studies.

Recommended citation: Kime, R. D. \& H. Enghoff (2011): Atlas of European Millipedes (Class Diplopoda). Volume 1. Orders Polyxenida, Glomerida, Platydesmida, Siphonocryptida, Polyzoniida, Callipodida, Polydesmida. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, 282 pp. ISBN-13: 9789546425782. ISBN-10: 9546425788. https://books.pensoft.net/books/12358

Publication date: 06/2011

}, issn = {9789546425782, 9546425788}, url = {https://books.pensoft.net/books/12358}, author = {Kime, Richard Desmond and Enghoff, Henrik} } @article {1829, title = {Octoglena claraqua, n. sp. (Polyzoniida: Hirudisomatidae), a new milliped from Idaho, USA; first record of the order from the western interior of North America}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {2446}, year = {2010}, month = {06/05/2010}, pages = {55-64}, abstract = {

The milliped family Hirudisomatidae (Polyzoniida) comprises two genera in the Western Hemisphere and North America \– Octoglena Wood, 1864, and Mexiconium Shelley, 1996 \– and seven species, one being a new species from Idaho, the first hirudisomatid from the western interior, represented solely by an adult male. It is unique in its banded color pattern, recumbent gonopodal orientation in situ, upright anterior gonopod podomeres relative to the sternum, and the calyx configuration of the ultimate article. Despite these features, provisional assignment to Octoglena is warranted pending more material and review of all familial components under high magnification, preferably SEM. A full description is provided for O. claraqua, n. sp., along with a key to familial components in the Western Hemisphere, new locality records, and a distribution map.

}, keywords = {anterior gonopods, British Columbia, California, Pacific Coast, ultimate podomere}, issn = {1175-5334, 1175-5326}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2446.1.2}, url = {https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.2446.1.2}, author = {Shelley, Rowland M. and Richart, Casey H. and Bogan, Arthur E.} } @article {1771, title = {A previously unknown feeding mode in millipedes and the convergence of fluid feeding across arthropods}, journal = {Science Advances}, volume = {8}, year = {2022}, month = {16/02/2022}, pages = {1-9}, abstract = {

We report fluid feeding with a sucking pump in the arthropod class Diplopoda, using a combination of synchrotron tomography, histology, electron microscopy, and three-dimensional reconstructions. Within the head of nine species of the enigmatic Colobognatha, we found a pumping chamber, which acts as positive displacement pump and is notably similar to that of insects, showing even fine structural convergences. The sucking pump of these millipedes works together with protractible mouthparts and externally secreted saliva for the acquisition of liquid food. Fluid feeding is one of the great evolutionary innovations of terrestrial arthropods, and our study suggests that it evolved with similar biomechanical solutions convergent across all major arthropod taxa. While fluid-feeding insects are megadiverse today, it remains unclear why other lineages, such as Colobognatha, are comparably species poor.

}, issn = {2375-2548}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abm0577}, url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abm0577}, author = {Moritz, Leif and Borisova, Elena and Hammel, J{\"o}rg U. and Blanke, Alexander and Wesener, Thomas} } @article {1509, title = {Millipedes and centipedes in German greenhouses (Myriapoda: Diplopoda, Chilopoda)}, journal = {Biodiversity Data Journal}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {11/04/2014}, pages = {1-43}, abstract = {

A review is given of all the literature records of millipedes and centipedes that have been found in German greenhouses together with additional records for 29 such sites. Species lists are given for 46 greenhouses investigated throughout Germany. Thirty-five diplopod and 18 chilopod species were found to occur in greenhouses, of which 15 (3 Chilopoda, 12 Diplopoda) are restricted to this type of habitat. First records for Germany include Anadenobolus monilicornis (Porat, 1876), Epinannolene cf. trinidadensis Chamberlin, 1918, Epinannolene sp., Mesoiulus gridellii Strasser, 1934, Leptogoniulus sorornus (Butler, 1876), Rhinotus purpureus (Pocock, 1894), Cryptops doriae Pocock, 1891, Lamyctes coeculus (Br\ölemann, 1889) and Tygarrup javanicus (Attems, 1907). The millipedes Oxidus gracilis (C. L. Koch, 1847) and Amphitomeus attemsi (Schubart, 1934) and the centipedes Lithobius forficatus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Cryptops hortensis (Donovan, 1810) are the species most frequently found in greenhouses.

}, keywords = {centipedes, first records, Germany, hothouse, millipedes, review}, issn = {1314-2828}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1066}, url = {https://bdj.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=1066}, author = {Decker, Peter and Reip, Hans S. and Voigtl{\"a}nder, Karin} } @article {1499, title = {Feeding habits and multifunctional classification of soil-associated consumers from protists to vertebrates}, journal = {Biological Reviews}, volume = {97}, year = {2022}, month = {20/01/2022}, pages = {1057-1117}, abstract = {

Soil organisms drive major ecosystem functions by mineralising carbon and releasing nutrients during decomposition processes, which supports plant growth, aboveground biodiversity and, ultimately, human nutrition. Soil ecologists often operate with functional groups to infer the effects of individual taxa on ecosystem functions and services. Simultaneous assessment of the functional roles of multiple taxa is possible using food-web reconstructions, but our knowledge of the feeding habits of many taxa is insufficient and often based on limited evidence. Over the last two decades, molecular, biochemical and isotopic tools have improved our understanding of the feeding habits of various soil organisms, yet this knowledge is still to be synthesised into a common functional framework. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the feeding habits of consumers in soil, including protists, micro-, meso- and macrofauna (invertebrates), and soil-associated vertebrates. We have integrated existing functional group classifications with findings gained with novel methods and compiled an overarching classification across taxa focusing on key universal traits such as food resource preferences, body masses, microhabitat specialisation, protection and hunting mechanisms. Our summary highlights various strands of evidence that many functional groups commonly used in soil ecology and food-web models are feeding on multiple types of food resources. In many cases, omnivory is observed down to the species level of taxonomic resolution, challenging realism of traditional soil food-web models based on distinct resource-based energy channels. Novel methods, such as stable isotope, fatty acid and DNA gut content analyses, have revealed previously hidden facets of trophic relationships of soil consumers, such as food assimilation, multichannel feeding across trophic levels, hidden trophic niche differentiation and the importance of alternative food/prey, as well as energy transfers across ecosystem compartments. Wider adoption of such tools and the development of open interoperable platforms that assemble morphological, ecological and trophic data as traits of soil taxa will enable the refinement and expansion of the multifunctional classification of consumers in soil. The compiled multifunctional classification of soil-associated consumers will serve as a reference for ecologists working with biodiversity changes and biodiversity?ecosystem functioning relationships, making soil food-web research more accessible and reproducible.

}, keywords = {fatty acids, feeding preferences, food resources, functional traits, gut content, omnivory, Soil fauna, soil food web, stable isotopes, trophic guilds}, issn = {1464-7931}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12832}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12832}, author = {Potapov, Anton M. and Beaulieu, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric and Birkhofer, Klaus and Bluhm, Sarah L. and Degtyarev, Maxim I. and Devetter, Miloslav and Goncharov, Anton A. and Gongalsky, Konstantin B. and Klarner, Bernhard and Korobushkin, Daniil I. and Liebke, Dana F. and Maraun, Mark and Mc Donnell, Rory J. and Pollierer, Melanie M. and Schaefer, Ina and Shrubovych, Julia and Semenyuk, Irina I. and Sendra, Alberto and Tuma, Jiri and T{\r u}mov{\'a}, Michala and Vassilieva, Anna B. and Chen, Ting-Wen and Geisen, Stefan and Schmidt, Olaf and Tiunov, Alexei V. and Scheu, Stefan} } @article {1488, title = {Ueber Diplopoden aus Bosnien, Herzogowina und Dalmatien. V. Theil: Glomeridae und Polyzoniidae (Schluss)}, journal = {Archiv f{\"u}r Naturgeschichte}, volume = {64:1}, year = {1898}, pages = {161-176}, chapter = {161}, url = {https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/226022}, author = {Verhoeff, Carl} } @article {1487, title = {Kritisches, systematisch-historisch-litterarisches Verzeichniss der bis Ende 1897 beschriebenen Diplopoden von Oesterreich-Ungarn und dem Occupationsgebiet}, journal = {Archiv f{\"u}r Naturgeschichte}, volume = {64:1}, year = {1898}, pages = {317-334}, chapter = {317}, url = {https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/226025}, author = {Verhoeff, Carl} } @article {1442, title = {The first true millipede{\textemdash}1306 legs long}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {11}, year = {2021}, month = {16/12/2021}, pages = {1-8}, abstract = {

The name \“millipede\” translates to a thousand feet (from mille \“thousand\” and pes \“foot\”). However, no millipede has ever been described with more than 750 legs. We discovered a new record-setting species of millipede with 1,306 legs, Eumillipes persephone, from Western Australia. This diminutive animal (0.95\ mm wide, 95.7\ mm long) has 330 segments, a cone-shaped head with enormous antennae, and a beak for feeding. A distant relative of the previous record holder, Illacme plenipes from California, it belongs to a different order, the Polyzoniida. Discovered 60\ m below ground in a drill hole created for mineral exploration, E. persephone possesses troglomorphic features; it lacks eyes and pigmentation, and it has a greatly elongated body\—features that stand in stark contrast to its closest surface-dwelling relatives in Australia and all other members of its order. Using phylogenomics, we found that super-elongation (\>\ 180 segments) evolved repeatedly in the millipede class Diplopoda. The striking morphological similarity between E. persephone and I. plenipes is a result of convergent evolution, probably for locomotion in similar soil habitats. Discovered in the resource-rich Goldfields-Esperance region and threatened by encroaching surface mining, documentation of this species and conservation of its habitat are of critical importance.

}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02447-0}, url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-02447-0}, author = {Marek, Paul E. and Buzatto, Bruno A. and Shear, William A. and Means, Jackson C. and Black, Dennis G. and Harvey, Mark S. and Rodriguez, Juanita} } @article {1425, title = {[Letter to Ludwig D{\"o}derlein]}, year = {1898}, month = {08/08/1898}, publisher = {Archives de la Ville et de l{\textquoteright}Eurom{\'e}tropole de Strasbourg}, address = {Strasbourg, Grand Est, France}, abstract = {

Recommended citation: Verhoeff, C. W. (1898, August 8). [Letter to Ludwig D\öderlein]. Archives de la Ville et de l\’Eurom\étropole de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Grand Est, France.

}, author = {Verhoeff, Carl Wilhelm} } @article {1347, title = {A preliminary survey and range extension of millipedes species introduced in Brazil (Myriapoda, Diplopoda)}, journal = {Pap{\'e}is Avulsos de Zoologia}, volume = {61}, year = {2021}, month = {27/10/2021}, abstract = {

The present study provides historical and new records of the introduced millipedes species in Brazil, Oxidus gracilis (C.L. Koch, 1847), Orthomorpha coarctata (Saussure, 1860) (Paradoxosomatidae), Prosopodesmus jacobsoni Silvestri, 1910 (Haplodesmidae), Trachyjulus calvus (Pocock, 1893a), Glyphiulus granulatus (Gervais, 1847) (Cambalopsidae), Trigoniulus corallinus (Gervais, 1842), Leptogoniulus sorornus (Butler, 1876), Epitrigoniulus cruentatus (Br\ölemann, 1903) (Pachybolidae), Paraspirobolus lucifugus (Gervais, 1837) (Spirobolellidae), Cylindroiulus britannicus (Verhoeff, 1891), Cylindroiulus truncorum (Silvestri, 1896) (Julidae), and Rhinotus purpureus (Pocock, 1894) (Siphonotidae). Among the 27 federative units in Brazil, 21 states present at least one record of a non-native species. Orthomorpha coarctata was the most widely distributed species, occurring in 15 states. Glyphiulus granulatus (state of Rio Grande do Sul), C.\ truncorum (S\ão Paulo), and R.\ purpureus (Amazonas) were recorded from only one Brazilian state. The Southeast region concentrates most of the compiled records (42,6\%) and richness by grid (5-7 species), mainly in urban areas of the states of Rio de Janeiro and S\ão Paulo.

}, keywords = {invasive species, Orthomorpha coarctata, Oxidus gracilis, Schubart, Synanthropic millipedes}, issn = {0031-1049}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2021.61.88}, url = {https://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/182084}, author = {Moretti-Iniesta, Luiz Felipe and Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador and da Silva Rodrigues, Patr{\'\i}cia Elesb{\~a}o and Melo de Almeida, Thais and Ott, Ricardo and Brescovit, Antonio Domingos} } @article {1188, title = {Soil Health and Arthropods: From Complex System to Worthwhile Investigation}, journal = {Insects}, volume = {11}, year = {2020}, month = {16/01/2020}, pages = {1-21}, abstract = {

The dramatic increase in soil degradation in the last few decades has led to the need to identify methods to define not only soil quality but also, in a holistic approach, soil health. In the past twenty years, indices based on living communities have been proposed alongside the already proven physical-chemical methods. Among them, some soil invertebrates have been included in monitoring programs as bioindicators of soil quality. Being an important portion of soil fauna, soil arthropods are involved in many soil processes such as organic matter decomposition and translocation, nutrient cycling, microflora activity regulation and bioturbation. Many studies have reported the use of soil arthropods to define soil quality; among taxa, some have been explored more in depth, typically Acari and Collembola, while generally less abundant groups, such as Palpigradi or Embioptera, have not been investigated much. This paper aims to evaluate and compare the use of different soil microarthropod taxa in soil degradation/quality studies to highlight which groups are the most reported for soil monitoring and which are the most sensitive to soil degradation. We have decided not to include the two most present and abundant taxa, Acari and Collembola, in this paper in consideration of the vast amount of existing literature and focus the discussion on the other microarthropod groups. We reported some studies for each taxon highlighting the use of the group as soil quality indicator. A brief section reporting some indices based on soil microarthropods is proposed at the end of this specific discussion. This paper can be considered as a reference point in the use of soil arthropods to estimate soil quality and health.

}, keywords = {bioindicators, macroarthropods, mesofauna, microarthropods, soil biodiversity, soil degradation, soil quality}, issn = {2075-4450}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11010054}, url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/1/54}, author = {Menta, Cristina and Remelli, Sara} } @article {1049, title = {First steps toward suctorial feeding in millipedes: Comparative morphology of the head of the Platydesmida (Diplopoda: Colobognatha)}, journal = {Invertebrate Biology}, year = {2021}, month = {04/02/2021}, pages = {1-21}, abstract = {

Although most millipedes (Diplopoda) show a biting\–chewing feeding mode, representatives of the so-called Colobognatha (Platydesmida, Polyzoniida, Siphonocryptida, Siphonophorida), with their more or less reduced mouthparts, are assumed to have evolved a suctorial feeding mode, which enables them to exploit food sources like algal film and fungi hyphae. The Platydesmida are viewed as the key taxon for the understanding of mouthpart adaptations in Colobognatha, as their mouthpart elements still closely resemble those of biting\–chewing millipedes. Studies of the skeletomuscular system of the Platydesmida are rare, impeding further understanding of the mouthpart evolution in millipedes. To overcome this impediment in the understanding of millipede evolution, we study the internal morphology of the head in specimens from four genera of Platydesmida: Brachycybe lecontii, Dolistenus spp., Gosodesmus claremontus, and Pseudodesmus spp. Although all Platydesmida show similarly structured skeletal elements and accompanying musculature, they are distinct from all other Diplopoda. Their head lacks eyes and organs of T\öm\ösv\áry, and is pyriform and posteriorly bulging, overlapping the collum. The narrow mandibles are hidden underneath the broad genae. A previously described gnathochilarial postmentum is absent. Muscle attachment sites, such as the transverse mandibular tendon and the median septum, are reduced. The strong modifications of the head capsule, mandibles, and musculature limit the movability of the mandible for biting\–chewing motions based on simulations of possible gape angles. Platydesmida likely show a scraping and slurping feeding mode, which is facilitated by the comparably well-developed pharyngeal dilator muscles. We suggest that the Platydesmida show an intermediate state between the biting\–chewing millipedes and the other suctorially feeding Colobognatha.

}, keywords = {Functional morphology, mandible, micro-CT, musculature, tentorium}, issn = {1077-8306}, doi = {10.1111/ivb.12312}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ivb.12312}, author = {Moritz, Leif and Blanke, Alexander and Hammel, J{\"o}rg U. and Wesener, Thomas} } @article {823, title = {The myriapodological legacy of Victor~Ivanovich~Motschoulsky (1810{\textendash}1871)}, journal = {ZooKeys}, volume = {426}, year = {2014}, month = {17/07/2014}, pages = {11 - 16}, abstract = {

The little that remains of Motschoulsky\’s myriapodological legacy in the collection of Moscow\’s Zoological Museum proves to be of very limited value. Only one species of Diplopoda described by Motschoulsky, the Caucasian Hirudisoma roseum (Victor, 1839), is still in use, yet requiring a neotype designation, whereas the remaining few myriapod names he proposed are either nomina dubia or nomina nuda. The former include Scolopendra pentagramma Motschoulsky, 1866 (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) and Strongylosoma carinulatum Motschoulsky, 1866 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae), both from Japan, as well as Julus costulatus Motschoulsky, 1851 (Diplopoda, Callipodida, Schizopetalidae?), from Montenegro, because their type material is either inadequate or missing.

}, keywords = {Moscow, Myriapoda, Russia, Taxonomy, Zoological Museum}, issn = {1313-2989}, doi = {10.3897/zookeys.426.8011}, url = {http://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=3968}, author = {Sergei Ilyich Golovatch} } @article {741, title = {The Diplopod Genus Polyzonium in North America}, journal = {The Florida Entomologist}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, year = {1971}, month = {07/1971}, pages = {151-163 }, abstract = {

The genotype, P. germanicum Brandt, of Europe, is redescribed and illustrated as are the American bivirgatum (Wood), rosalbum (Cope), bikermani and mutabile Causey. P. cryptocephalum (McNeill) is reduced to a synonym of rosalbum (Cope). Four new species are described, illustrated, and included in a key of all American species.

}, issn = {00154040}, doi = {10.2307/3493561}, url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/3493561 https://journals.flvc.org/flaent/article/view/56623}, author = {Loomis, Harold F.} } @article {559, title = {Development of a Sampling Protocol for Millipedes (Diplopoda).}, journal = {Journal of Insect Conservation}, volume = {10}, year = {2006}, pages = {277-288}, doi = {10.1007/s10841-006-6699-z}, author = {Snyder, Bruce A.}, editor = {Draney, ML} } @article {548, title = {The Diplopoda of the Lund University and California Academy of Sciences expeditions}, journal = {Lunds universitets {\r a}rsskrift, n. f., avd. 2}, volume = {53}, year = {1957}, month = {07/10/1957}, pages = {1{\textendash}44}, abstract = {

Recommended citation: Chamberlin, R. V. (1957): Reports of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948-49. 30. The Diplopoda of the Lund University and California Academy of Science Expeditions. Lunds universitets \årsskrift, n. f., avd. 2, 53 (8): 1-44.

Remarks: The articles in the Lunds universitets \årsskrift, n. f., bear two parallel numbering systems, one for the volumes of the \årsskrift and one for the volumes of the \“Kungl. Fysiografiska s\ällskapets handlingar, ny f\öljd\”. This article can be cited as above or as \“Kungl. Fysiografiska s\ällskapets handlingar, n. f., 68 (8): 1-44\”.

}, author = {Chamberlin, Ralph V.} } @article {547, title = {Preliminary survey of the terrestrial isopods (Isopoda), millipedes (Diplopoda), harvestmen (Opiliones), and spiders (Araneae) of Toft Point Natural Area, Door County, Wisconsin.}, journal = {The Great Lakes Entomologist}, volume = {37}, year = {2004}, pages = {105-115}, chapter = {105}, author = {Snyder, Bruce A.}, editor = {Draney, ML} } @article {525, title = {Redescription of the South African millipede Cylichnogaster lawrencei Verhoeff, 1937 and notes on the family Siphonotidae (Diplopoda, Polyzoniida)}, journal = {Zootaxa}, year = {2016}, pages = {119{\textendash}128}, author = {William A. Shear} } @article {521, title = {Colobognatha millipedes in the Caucasus (Diplopoda: Polyzoniida,~Platydesmida, Siphonocryptida).}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {3972}, year = {2015}, month = {2015 Jun 11}, pages = {250-266}, abstract = {

The superorder Colobognatha is represented in the Caucasus by three genera and species, one each in the orders Polyzoniida, Platydesmida and Siphonocryptida. Hirudisoma roseum (Victor, 1839) (Hirudisomatidae, Polyzoniida) is especially widespread, ranging from S Russia, Abkhazia, Georgia (with a neotype designated and described from Kakhetia, E Georgia) and NW Azerbaijan to E Turkey, and also including H. ponticum (Lohmander, 1939) (junior subjective synonym, syn. nov.). Fioria hyrcana Golovatch, 1980 (Andrognathidae, Platydesmida) is endemic to the Hyrcanian parts of the Republic of Azerbaijan and NW Iran along the western and southern coasts of the Caspian Sea. Due to the finding of Hirudicryptus abchasicus sp. nov. (Siphonocryptidae, Siphonocryptida), from a single locality in Abkhazia, NW Caucasus, the order Siphonocryptida is new to the fauna of the region. A key to all four species of the trans-Palaearctic genus Hirudicryptus is given. All three Caucasian species of Colobognatha are described in due detail and abundantly illustrated, and their distributions mapped.

}, keywords = {Abkhazia, Azerbaijan, distribution, Georgia, Iran, key, map, neotype, new species, new synonymy, Platydesmida, Polyzoniida, Russia, Siphonocryptida, Taxonomy, Turkey}, issn = {1175-5326}, doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.3972.2.6}, author = {Sergei Ilyich Golovatch and Evsyukov, Aleksandr and Reip, Hans S} } @article {508, title = {MIRIAPODOS: I DIPLOPODOS DEL PARQUE NACIONAL "VICENTE PEREZ ROSALES"}, journal = {Anales del Museo de Historia Natural de Valparaiso}, volume = {7}, year = {1974}, pages = {285{\textendash}291}, author = {Silva, Francisco and Vivar, Carlos} } @article {507, title = {On some new or poorly-known millipedes from Chile and Argentina (Diplopoda)}, journal = {Russian entomological journal}, volume = {23}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, pages = {249 - 281}, doi = {10.15298/rusentj.23.4.02}, url = {https://kmkjournals.com/journals/REJ/REJ_Index_Volumes/REJ_23/REJ_23_4_249_281_Golovatch}, author = {Sergei Ilyich Golovatch} } @article {438, title = {Checklist of the Myriapoda in Cretaceous Burmese amber and a correction of the Myriapoda identified by Zhang (2017)}, journal = {Check List}, volume = {14}, year = {2018}, month = {12/2020}, pages = {1131-1140}, abstract = {

An inventory of the Myriapoda (Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Symphyla) from Cretaceous Burmese amber, Myanmar, is presented, including the oldest and/or first fossil record for numerous orders. For millipedes (Diplopoda) 527 records, including 460 new specimens determined by us, belonging to 13 of 16 recent orders are listed: Polyxenida, Glomeridesmida, Glomerida, Siphonophorida, Polyzoniida, Platydesmida, Siphoniulida, Chordeumatida, Polydesmida, Stemmiulida, Callipodida, Spirostreptida and Spirobolida. For centipedes, 33 records for 4 of the 5 recent orders are listed: Scutigeromorpha, Lithobiomorpha, Scolopendromorpha and Geophilomorpha. For Symphyla, three records for both families, Scutigerellidae and Scolopendrellidae, are listed. The majority of Diplopoda records (30.5\%) are Polydesmida. The record of the Polyzoniida includes first instar octopod juveniles. The checklist includes the first fossil representatives known of the Platydesmida, as well as the oldest known fossils of the Polyxenida, Glomeridesmida, Glomerida, Siphonophorida, Polyzoniida, Siphoniulida, Spirostreptida, as well as both Symphyla families. Misidentifications by Zhang (2017) are corrected; while most Chilopoda in that list are correct, almost all Diplopoda are misidentified.

}, keywords = {Chilopoda, Cretaceous, Diplopoda, fossil, Myanmar, Symphyla}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.15560/14.6.1131}, url = {https://checklist.pensoft.net/article/30320/}, author = {Wesener, Thomas and Moritz, Leif} } @article {419, title = {Four myriapod relatives {\textendash} but who are sisters? No end to debates on relationships among the four major myriapod subgroups}, journal = {BMC Evolutionary Biology}, volume = {20}, year = {2020}, month = {04/11/2020}, pages = {1-15}, abstract = {

Background: Phylogenetic relationships among the myriapod subgroups Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Symphyla and Pauropoda are still not robustly resolved. The first phylogenomic study covering all subgroups resolved phylogenetic relationships congruently to morphological evidence but is in conflict with most previously published phylogenetic trees based on diverse molecular data. Outgroup choice and long-branch attraction effects were stated as possible explanations for these incongruencies. In this study, we addressed these issues by extending the myriapod and outgroup taxon sampling using transcriptome data.

Results: We generated new transcriptome data of 42 panarthropod species, including all four myriapod subgroups and additional outgroup taxa. Our taxon sampling was complemented by published transcriptome and genome data resulting in a supermatrix covering 59 species. We compiled two data sets, the first with a full coverage of genes per species (292 single-copy protein-coding genes), the second with a less stringent coverage (988 genes). We inferred phylogenetic relationships among myriapods using different data types, tree inference, and quartet computation approaches. Our results unambiguously support monophyletic Mandibulata and Myriapoda. Our analyses clearly showed that there is strong signal for a single unrooted topology, but a sensitivity of the position of the internal root on the choice of outgroups. However, we observe strong evidence for a clade Pauropoda+Symphyla, as well as for a clade Chilopoda+Diplopoda.

Conclusions: Our best quartet topology is incongruent with current morphological phylogenies which were supported in another phylogenomic study. AU tests and quartet mapping reject the quartet topology congruent to trees inferred with morphological characters. Moreover, quartet mapping shows that confounding signal present in the data set is sufficient to explain the weak signal for the quartet topology derived from morphological characters. Although outgroup choice affects results, our study could narrow possible trees to derivatives of a single quartet topology. For highly disputed relationships, we propose to apply a series of tests (AU and quartet mapping), since results of such tests allow to narrow down possible relationships and to rule out confounding signal.

}, keywords = {Arthropod phylogeny, conflict, Confounding signal, Internal rooting, Phylogenetics, phylogenomics, Quartet topology, RNA-Seq, Transcriptomes}, issn = {1471-2148}, doi = {10.1186/s12862-020-01699-0}, url = {https://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-020-01699-0}, author = {Szucsich, Nikolaus U. and Bartel, Daniela and Blanke, Alexander and B{\"o}hm, Alexander and Donath, Alexander and Fukui, Makiko and Grove, Simon and Liu, Shanlin and Macek, Oliver and Machida, Ryuichiro and Misof, Bernhard and Nakagaki, Yasutaka and Podsiadlowski, Lars and Sekiya, Kaoru and Tomizuka, Shigekazu and Von Reumont, Bj{\"o}rn M. and Waterhouse, Robert M. and Walzl, Manfred and Meng, Guanliang and Zhou, Xin and Pass, G{\"u}nther and Meusemann, Karen} } @article {365, title = {Millipeds from Dominican Amber, with the Description of Two New Species (Diplopoda: Siphonophoridae) of Siphonophora}, journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America}, volume = {85}, year = {1992}, month = {01/07/1992}, pages = {363 - 369}, abstract = {

Representatives of 11 genera (Lophoproctus?, Glomeridesmus, Epinannolene, Siphonophora, Siphonotus, Docodesmus, lomus, Lophodesmus?, Psochodesmus, Dasyodontus, and Inodesmus?) are reported from Dominican amber, most of them constituting the first or oldest fossils of their corresponding higher taxa. Extant species of lomus and Inodesmus have not been reported from Hispaniola; a chelodesmid seems more closely related to South American genera than to present-day Caribbean diplopods. Siphonophora hoffmani spec. nov. and S. velezi spec. nov. are described from adults embedded in Dominican amber.

}, keywords = {Diplopoda, Hispaniola, Siphonophora spp., systematics}, issn = {0013-8746}, doi = {10.1093/aesa/85.4.363}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/aesa/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/aesa/85.4.363}, author = {Santiago-Blay, Jorge A. and Poinar, George O.} } @article {348, title = {Note sur un ordre nouveau de la classe des Myriapodes et sur l{\textquoteright}etablissement des sections de cette classe d{\textquoteright}animaux en g{\'e}n{\'e}ral}, journal = {Bulletin scientifique publi{\'e} par l{\textquoteright}Acad{\'e}mie Imp{\'e}riale des Sciences de Saint-P{\'e}tersbourg}, volume = {1}, year = {1837}, pages = {178-179}, url = {https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11945930}, author = {Johann Friedrich Brandt} } @article {288, title = {Diversity, distribution patterns, and fauno-genesis of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of mainland China}, journal = {ZooKeys}, volume = {930}, year = {2020}, month = {28/04/2020}, pages = {153 - 198}, abstract = {

Based on all available information, 339 species from 71 genera, 26 families, and eleven orders of Diplopoda have hitherto been recorded from mainland China, the fauna thus being very rich, albeit far from completely known, comprising various zoogeographic elements and populating very different environments. Diplopods mainly occur in various woodlands, in caves, and high in the mountains. Most species (\> 90 \%, usually highly localised, including 160 cavernicoles), 18 genera, and one family are strictly endemic to continental China. Mapping not only the horizontal, but also the vertical distributions of Diplopoda in China shows the bulk of the fauna to be expectedly restricted to forested lowland and mountain biomes or their remnants. Yet some Chordeumatida, Callipodida, Polydesmida, Julida, and even Spirobolida seem to occur only in the subalpine to alpine environments and thus may provisionally be considered as truly high-montane. The long-acknowledged notions of China being a great biogeographic zone transitional between the Palaearctic and Oriental regions generally find good support in millipede distributions, in particular at the higher taxonomic levels (generic, familial, and ordinal). While the Palaearctic/Holarctic components expectedly dominate the fauna of the northern parts of the country, the Oriental ones prevail in its south and along the Pacific coast. Both realms are increasingly mixed and intermingled towards China\’s centre. However, in addition to the above traditional views, based on distribution patterns alone, southern China seems to harbour a rather small, but highly peculiar faunal nucleus or origin centre of its own, whence Himalaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina and/or Taiwan could have become populated by younger lineages. The millipede fauna of continental China is thus a tangled mixture of zoogeographic elements of various origins and ages, both relict and more advanced. The few anthropochores must have been the latest faunal \“layer\” to populate China.

}, keywords = {continental China, Diplopod fauna, zoogeography}, issn = {1313-2989}, doi = {10.3897/zookeys.930.47513}, url = {https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47513/}, author = {Sergei Ilyich Golovatch and Liu, Weixin} } @article {287, title = {Diversity and distribution of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of Georgia, Caucasus}, journal = {ZooKeys}, volume = {930}, year = {2020}, month = {28/04/2020}, pages = {199-219}, abstract = {

The diplopod fauna of Georgia, Transcaucasia, is very rich given the country\’s relatively small territory; it presently comprises 103 species from 44 genera, 12 families, and 7 orders. Most of the Diplopoda known from Georgia (86 species, or 83\%) demonstrate Caucasian distribution patterns, 36 and 46 species, as well as 8 and 9 genera being endemic or subendemic to the country, respectively. A single Holarctic family, Anthroleucosomatidae (order Chordeumatida), contains 44 Caucasian species and 20 genera, of which 27 species and 14 genera are endemic or subendemic to Georgia. Likewise, all species from the orders Polyzoniida, Siphonocryptida, Glomerida and Chordeumatida, as well as most species of Julida and Polydesmida are native, also endemic or subendemic to the Caucasus, but the genera and families they represent are widely distributed at least across the Euro-Mediterranean Realm. Most of the presumed troglobionts in the Caucasus appear to be confined to western Georgia\’s karst caves (14 species, 5 genera). Within Georgia, the fauna of the western part (= Colchis) is particularly rich and diverse, while that of the central and eastern parts of the country grows increasingly depauperate inland following the gradual climatic aridisation from west (Black Sea coast) to east (Armenia and Azerbaijan). The vertical distribution of the Diplopoda in Georgia, as well as the Caucasus generally, shows the bulk of the fauna restricted to forested lowland to mountain biomes or their remnants. Only very few Chordeumatida and Julus species seem to occur solely in the subalpine to alpine environments and thus may provisionally be considered as high-montane elements. Ongoing and future research on the millipedes of the Caucasus, especially in cave and montane environments, will undoubtedly allow for many more novelties and details of the diversity and distribution of Georgia\’s Diplopoda to be revealed or refined.

}, keywords = {checklist, Colchis, endemism, fauna, Myriapoda}, issn = {1313-2989}, doi = {10.3897/zookeys.930.47490}, url = {https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47490/}, author = {Kokhia, Mzia S. and Sergei Ilyich Golovatch} } @article {203, title = {New western millipeds}, journal = {Bulletin of the University of Utah}, volume = {31}, number = {12}, year = {1941}, month = {16/06/1941}, pages = {1{\textendash}23}, abstract = {

Recommended citation: Chamberlin, R. V. (1941). New western millipedes. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 31 (12): 1-23. Bulletin of the University of Utah, Biological Series, 6 (5): 1-23.

Remark: Bulletin 31 (12) corresponds to the parallel sequence Biological Series 6 (5).

}, keywords = {Mimolene, Mimolene oregona, Placerna, Placerna dorada, Zantona, Zantona douglasia}, url = {https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6qv4598}, author = {Ralph V. Chamberlin} } @article {183, title = {New records and descriptions of Californian Diplopoda}, journal = {Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington}, volume = {68}, year = {1955}, pages = {87{\textendash}94}, url = {https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/43473}, author = {Nell B. Causey} } @article {181, title = {On two new colobognath millipeds and records of some established species from east of the Rocky Mountains}, journal = {Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington}, volume = {64}, year = {1951}, pages = {137{\textendash}140}, url = {https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/44620}, author = {Nell B. Causey} } @article {150, title = {Description of new genera and species of North American Myriapoda}, journal = {Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia}, volume = {16}, year = {1864}, pages = {186{\textendash}187}, issn = {0029-3970}, url = {https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1942782}, author = {Horatio C Wood} } @article {139, title = {Six new California millipeds}, journal = {Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington}, volume = {67}, year = {1954}, pages = {231{\textendash}234}, url = {https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/111796}, author = {Ralph V. Chamberlin} } @article {102, title = {Millipeds of the order Colobognatha, with descriptions of six new genera and type species, from Arizona and California}, journal = {Proceedings of the United States National Museum}, volume = {72}, year = {1928}, month = {1928}, pages = {1 - 26}, url = {https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/100797$\#$page/559}, author = {Orator Fuller Cook and Loomis, Harold F.} } @article {92, title = {{\"U}ber Polyzonium germanicum Brandt.}, journal = {Trudy Imperatorskago Sankt-Peterburgskogo Obščestva Estestvoispytatelej, Otdelenie zoologii i fiziologii}, volume = {25}, year = {1895}, pages = {21-33}, author = {Rimskiy-Korsakov, Mikhail Nikolaevich} } @article {8, title = {The invasive species Cylindrodesmus hirsutus Pocock (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Haplodesmidae) spreads to the northern Caribbean, with a compilation of published localities}, journal = {International Journal of Tropical Insect Science}, volume = {38}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-12-2018}, pages = {299-302}, chapter = {299}, abstract = {

Millipede diversity in tropical regions, and in Mexico in particular, is still mostly unknown. A modest but recurrent source of new Mexican species is the colonization of exotic species, due to human activity. The invasive species Cylindrodesmus hirsutus Pocock, 1889 has spread from its area of origin in Indonesia or Melanesia and become a virtually pantropical species. Although long known from South and Central America, reports from the Caribbean are sparse and limited to some eastern islands and southern Central America. On 9 March 2016, two adult specimens were found on Cozumel Island, Quintana Roo, in an area of medium semideciduous tropical forest. This paper comprises the first record of this species from Mexico and the northern Caribbean. Given the intense commercial activity in the region, the presence of more populations both in Cozumel Island and in the mainland coast is highly probable.

}, keywords = {Caribbean, Cylindrodesmus, Exotic species, invasive species, M{\'e}xico, millipedes, Oxidus, Rhinotus}, issn = {1742-7584}, doi = {10.1017/S1742758418000255}, url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1742758418000255/type/journal_article}, author = {Recuero, Ernesto} }