@article {1786, title = {Two new millipede species of the genus Coxobolellus Pimvichai, Enghoff, Panha \& Backeljau, 2020 (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pseudospirobolellidae)}, journal = {ZooKeys}, volume = {1128}, year = {2022}, month = {09/11/2022}, pages = {171-190}, type = {Research Article}, abstract = {

Two new millipede species of the genus Coxobolellus Pimvichai, Enghoff, Panha \& Backeljau, 2020 from Thailand are described: Coxobolellus saratani sp. nov. from Loei Province and Coxobolellus serratoligulatus sp. nov. from Uttaradit Province. The descriptions are based on gonopod morphology and two mitochondrial gene fragments (COI and 16S rRNA). The phylogenetic mtDNA analysis assigned the two new species unequivocally to the consistently well-supported Coxobolellus clade, in which they form a fifth subclade that was well supported by maximum likelihood analysis of 16S rRNA, though neither by Bayesian inference nor by COI. The two new Coxobolellus species share four conspicuous gonopodal synapomorphies of the genus: (1) the protruding process on the coxae of the 3rd (and sometimes 4th) pair of male legs, (2) a large, triangular coxae on the 4th\–5th pair of legs, (3) a short process of the preanal ring protruding as far as, or slightly beyond, the anal valves, and (4) the posterior gonopod telopodite divided into two parts, with a conspicuous pore opening at the mesal margin at the end of the coxal part of the posterior gonopod. Thus, the two new species provide further evidence of the well-defined monophyly of the genus Coxobolellus. Finally, the paper provides an updated morphological identification key to all currently described Coxobolellus species.

}, keywords = {DNA barcode, gonopod morphology, identification key, Taxonomy, Thailand}, issn = {1313-2970, 1313-2989}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.94242}, url = {https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/94242/}, author = {Pimvichai, Piyatida and Enghoff, Henrik and Backeljau, Thierry} } @article {1785, title = {A new genus of Pseudospirobolellidae (Diplopoda, Spirobolida) from limestone karst areas in Thailand, with descriptions of three new species}, journal = {Zoosystematics and Evolution}, volume = {98}, year = {2022}, month = {19/08/2022}, pages = {313-326}, type = {Research Article}, abstract = {

A new genus of the millipede family Pseudospirobolellidae, Siliquobolellus gen. nov., is described from limestone mountains in Thailand, based on three new species, viz. Siliquobolellus amicusdraconis gen. et sp. nov. from Uthaithani Province, Siliquobolellus constrictus gen. et sp. nov. from Prachuap Khiri Khan Province and Siliquobolellus prasankokae gen. et sp. nov. (type species) from Lampang Province. The descriptions are based on gonopod morphology and mitochondrial DNA data (COI barcodes). The COI barcodes grouped the three new species in a well-supported Siliquobolellus gen. nov. clade. The mean interspecific COI sequence divergence among the three new species was 12\% (range: 8\–15\%). The mean intergeneric COI sequence divergence between Siliquobolellus gen. nov., Coxobolellus Pimvichai, Enghoff, Panha \& Backeljau, 2020, and Pseudospirobolellus Carl, 1912 was 19\% (range: 14\–23\%). Three conspicuous gonopodal synapomorphies differentiate Siliquobolellus gen. nov. from other pseudospirobollellid genera: (1) the telopodital part of the posterior gonopod forms a deep concavity, (2) the telopodite of the anterior gonopod is directed distad and does not reach the tip of the coxal part of the anterior gonopod, and (3) the tip of the anterior gonopod coxa is narrowed, curving mesad. As such, the monophyly of the new genus is well supported by both morphological and mitochondrial DNA data. A distribution map and an identification key to the species are provided.

}, keywords = {COI, Gonopod, monophyly, synapomorphy}, issn = {1860-0743, 1435-1935}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.90032}, url = {https://zse.pensoft.net/article/90032/}, author = {Pimvichai, Piyatida and Enghoff, Henrik and Panha, Somsak and Backeljau, Thierry} } @article {1784, title = {Redescription of the giant Southeast Asian millipede Spirobolus macrurus Pocock, 1893 and its assignment to the new genus Macrurobolus gen. nov. (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pachybolidae)}, journal = {ZooKeys}, volume = {1087}, year = {2022}, month = {22/02/2022}, pages = {1-18}, type = {Research Article}, abstract = {

A new genus of the millipede family Pachybolidae from Southeast Asia is described: Macrurobolus gen. nov., with Spirobolus macrurus Pocock, 1893 as type species. This latter species is DNA barcoded (COI) and redescribed based on male morphological characters, which hitherto were unknown. The new genus differs from other pachybolid genera by having (1) the preanal ring process long and protruding beyond the anal valves and (2) the anterior gonopod telopodite distally abruptly narrowed, forming an extremely long, slender, elevated process curved caudad. Given that Macrurobolus gen. nov. is a monotypic genus, it is aphyletic and thus requires further taxonomic revision.

}, keywords = {Aphyly, Myanmar, Taxonomy, Thailand}, issn = {1313-2970, 1313-2989}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1087.71280}, url = {https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/71280/}, author = {Pimvichai, Piyatida and Enghoff, Henrik and Backeljau, Thierry} } @article {1782, title = {Morphological and mitochondrial DNA data reshuffle the taxonomy of the genera Atopochetus Attems, Litostrophus Chamberlin and Tonkinbolus Verhoeff (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Pachybolidae), with descriptions of nine new species}, journal = {Invertebrate Systematics}, volume = {32}, year = {2018}, month = {01/02/2018}, pages = {159-195}, type = {Research Article}, abstract = {

Species-level taxonomy and phylogeny of two genera of South-East (SE) Asian pachybolid millipedes are analysed with a combination of morphological characters and DNA sequences (two mitochondrial gene fragments: COI and 16S rRNA). Strong support is found for the genera Litostrophus Chamberlin, 1921 and Atopochetus Attems, 1953 and for a clade consisting of Litostrophus + Atopochetus. Four species of Litostrophus are recognised and (re)described: L. segregatus Chamberlin, 1921 (type species of the genus), L. scaber (Verhoeff, 1938), comb. nov., L. chamaeleon, sp. nov. and L. saraburensis, sp. nov. The genus Tonkinbolus Verhoeff, 1938 (type species T. scaber Verhoeff, 1938) is synonymised under Litostrophus. Atopochetus (type species A. rubropunctatus Attems, 1953), hitherto considered a dubious synonym of Aulacobolus Pocock, 1903, is re-instated for several species until now placed in Tonkinbolus and seven new species. All in all, 10 species of Atopochetus are (re)described: A. dollfusii (Pocock, 1893) (= Aulacobolus rubropunctatus Attems, 1938, syn. nov.), A. moulmeinensis (Pocock, 1893), A. sumatranus (Carl, 1906) (= Trachelomegalus laciniatus Attems, 1937, syn. nov.), A. anaticeps, sp. nov., A. helix, sp. nov., A. setiferus, sp. nov., A. spinimargo, sp. nov., A. truncatus, sp. nov., A. uncinatus, sp. nov. and A. weseneri, sp. nov. Three species recently included in Tonkinbolus are left incertae sedis because they are based exclusively on female type specimens: Spirobolus capucinus Porat, 1896, S. caudulanus Karsch, 1881 and S. macrurus Pocock, 1893. The results of the DNA analysis (COI and 16S rRNA) are congruent with morphological (gonopodal) characters in terms of delimitation of species of Litostrophus and Atopochetus. This is the first DNA study of SE Asian Pachybolidae and as such it provides a basis for further evolutionary and biogeographic studies of SE Asian millipedes.

}, keywords = {mitochondrial DNA, new species, phylogeny, South-East Asia, species delimitation}, issn = {1445-5226}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1071/IS17052}, url = {https://www.publish.csiro.au/is/IS17052}, author = {Pimvichai, Piyatida and Enghoff, Henrik and Panha, Somsak and Backeljau, Thierry} } @article {898, title = {Pachybolini {\textendash} a tribe of giant Afrotropical millipedes: arguments for monophyly and the description of a new genus from Madagascar (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Pachybolidae)}, journal = {Invertebrate Systematics}, volume = {22}, year = {2008}, month = {18/03/2008}, pages = {37-53}, abstract = {

Madabolus, gen. nov. is described to accommodate M. maximus, sp. nov. (type species) from several localities in western Madagascar. A phylogenetic analysis of 26 spirobolidan taxa, based on morphological characters, places Madabolus, gen. nov. with the Afrotropical genera Pelmatojulus de Saussure, 1860; Pachybolus Cook, 1897; Hadrobolus Cook, 1897 and Epibolus Cook, 1897. The tribe Pachybolini is proposed to include Madabolus, gen. nov. and the four abovementioned genera. Putative autapomorphies of Pachybolini are: a closed incisura lateralis; setae of gnathochilarial lamella lingualis apical; vulva kidney- or crescent-shaped, with valves meeting in a sinuous fissure and crest protruding. Within Pachybolini, Pelmatojulus (West Africa) stands out by virtue of an increased number of apical antennal sensory cones, with great probability an apomorphy. Madabolus, gen. nov. and east African genera of the tribe share another potential synapomorphy, namely, an increased number of setae on the gnathochilarial lamellae linguales. Other Malagasy genera of Pachybolidae do not seem to be related to Afrotropical genera.

}, keywords = {biogeography, Madabolus, morphology, phylogeny, Taxonomy}, issn = {1445-5226}, doi = {10.1071/IS07008}, url = {http://www.publish.csiro.au/?paper=IS07008}, author = {Wesener, Thomas and Enghoff, Henrik and W{\"a}gele, Johann-Wolfgang} } @article {852, title = {Integrative taxonomy of the new millipede genus Coxobolellus, gen. nov. (Diplopoda : Spirobolida : Pseudospirobolellidae), with descriptions of ten new species}, journal = {Invertebrate Systematics}, volume = {34}, year = {2020}, month = {14/08/2020}, pages = {591-617}, abstract = {

Pseudospirobolellidae is a poorly known family of spirobolidan millipedes with only two genera and five described species. Yet, the descriptive taxonomy and molecular systematics of this group have been largely neglected. Therefore, the present work presents an integrative taxonomic study of new pseudospirobolellid taxa in Thailand. To this end, two mitochondrial gene fragments (COI and 16S rRNA) combined with morphological characters were used to define the genus Coxobolellus, gen. nov. with 10 new species, viz. C. albiceps, sp. nov., C. compactogonus, sp. nov., C. fuscus, sp. nov., C. nodosus, sp. nov., C. serratus, sp. nov., C. simplex, sp. nov., C. tenebris, sp. nov., C. tigris, sp. nov., C. transversalis, sp. nov. and C. valvatus, sp. nov. The interspecific COI sequence divergences among the new species ranged from 6 to 15\%. The intergeneric COI sequence divergence between species of Coxobolellus, gen. nov., Benoitolus birgitae and Pseudospirobolellus sp. ranged from 20 to 23\%. Three major morphological differences separate Coxobolellus, gen. nov. from Benoitolus and Pseudospirobolellus, namely (1) the protruding process on the 3rd (and 4th) coxae on male legs, (2) the posterior gonopod telopodite divided into two parts, and (3) a conspicuous opening pore at the mesal margin at the end of the coxal part of the posterior gonopod. Thus, the new genus is well supported by both mtDNA and morphological evidence, while the delimitation of the 10 new species is supported by the congruence between mtDNA and morphological data. Yet, with respect to the relationships of Benoitolus birgitae, morphological data suggest a similarity with Coxobolellus, gen. nov. and Pseudospirobolellus, whereas mtDNA data place this species in the Pachybolidae. Further phylogenetic analyses are needed to explore this apparent incongruence and test the monophyly of Pseudospirobolellidae.

}, keywords = {mitochondrial DNA, new genus, phylogeny, species delineation}, issn = {1445-5226}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1071/IS20031}, url = {https://www.publish.csiro.au/is/IS20031}, author = {Pimvichai, Piyatida and Enghoff, Henrik and Panha, Somsak and Backeljau, Thierry} } @article {388, title = {Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of {\textquoteright}fire millipedes{\textquoteright} (Diplopoda)}, journal = {ZooKeys}, volume = {19}, year = {2009}, month = {04/09/2009}, pages = {1 - 128}, abstract = {

Twelve new genera and 37 new species of Spirobolida are described: Corallobolus cruentus gen. n., sp.\ n., Sanguinobolus maculosus gen. n., sp. n., Colossobolus semicyclus gen. n., sp. n., C. oblongopedus sp. n., C. giganteus sp. n., C. minor sp. n., C. litoralis sp. n., C. aculeatus sp. n., C. pseudoaculeatus sp. n., Zehntnerobolus gen. n., Flagellobolus pauliani gen. n., sp. n., Riotintobolus mandenensis gen.\ n., sp. n., R. minutus sp. n., R. aridus sp. n., R. anomalus sp. n., Pseudocentrobolus aureus gen. n., sp.\ n., P. vohibasiensis sp. n., Granitobolus endemicus gen. n., sp. n., G. andohahelensis sp. n., Caprobolus andringitra gen. n., sp. n., Alluviobolus laticlavius gen. n., sp. n., A. tsimelahy sp. n., A. antanosy sp.\ n., Ostinobolus rufus gen. n., sp.\ n., O. stellaris sp. n., O. montanus sp. n., O. subterraneus sp. n., and Hylekobolus brachiosauroides gen. n., sp. n., H. rufus sp. n., H. griseus sp. n., H. albicollaris sp. n., H. goodmani sp. n., H. montanus sp. n., H. analavelona sp. n., H. latifrons sp. n., H. andasibensis sp. n., H. marojejy sp. n., H. anjanaharibe sp.\ n. All genera and species are endemic to Madagascar. Hylekobolus belongs to the family Spirobolellidae, while all other Malagasy genera of Spirobolida belong to the Pachybolidae. Among them, only Zehntnerobolus gen.\ n. is based on a previously described species: Spirobolus rubripes de Saussure \& Zehntner, 1897, whereas the remaining 11 new genera altogether contain (a total of) 37 new species. Three of the new genera are large-bodied \“fire millipedes\” (\>100 mm long) with striking red/black colour patterns. The new discoveries increase the number of endemic Malagasy genera of Spirobolida more than fivefold (from 3 to 15). The number of endemic species recorded from Madagascar has more than doubled (to 61). Body length of the new species varies greatly (between 23 and 170 mm). Keys to all Malagasy Spirobolida families, genera, as well as the newly described species, are provided. Four species, Rhinocricus collaris de Saussure \& Zehntner, 1897, Spirobolus grandidieri de Saussure \& Zehntner, 1897, Spirobolus olympiaceus Karsch, 1881, and Spirobolus sikorae de Saussure \& Zehntner, 1897 are only known from females and are listed as nomina dubia. Some genera occur in the dry or spiny forest as well as in the rainforest ecosystem; species, however, are restricted to a single habitat type. In the rainforest, up to six different genera were collected in the same individual forest. Numerous genera are adapted to a special ecological niche. A high proportion of species are microendemic, often to some tiny, highly endangered forests. Of special conservation concern are the species which occur only in Analavelona, Ambatotsirongorongo, the subhumid, globally unique littoral forest of Petriky and the littoral rainforests of Mandena and Sainte Luce.

}, keywords = {biogeography, endemism, Madagascar, millipedes, niche separation, Spirobolida}, issn = {1313-2989}, doi = {10.3897/zookeys.19.221}, url = {http://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=2037}, author = {Wesener, Thomas and Enghoff, Henrik and Sierwald, Petra} } @article {353, title = {Hidden biodiversity revealed by collections-based research{\textemdash}Laboulbeniales in millipedes: genus Rickia}, journal = {Phytotaxa}, volume = {243}, year = {2016}, month = {12/01/2016}, pages = {101-127}, abstract = {

Nine new species of the genus Rickia parasitizing Diplopoda are described: R. appendicifera from Iran on Chiraziulus, R. candelabriformis from Australia and New Zealand on several Spirostreptida, R. galatheae from New Zealand on Eumastigonus, R. gigas from Tanzania on \‘Spirostreptus\’ and Archispirostreptus, R. lophophora from Tanzania on some genera of Spirostreptidae, R. obelostrepti from Tanzania on Obelostreptus, R. odontopygiidarum from Tanzania on Odontopygidae, R. platessa from Singapore and Thailand on Pachybolidae, and R. rhynchophora from Australia on Trigoniulus.\  This nearly triples the previously known number of species of Rickia species on millipedes; all 14 species are treated in this study with photomicrographs, additional observations on previously described taxa and comments. A key to these species is also provided. The Laboulbeniales species were found on millipede specimens preserved mostly at the Natural History Museum of Denmark, from samples collected between 1916 to the present.

}, keywords = {Ascomycota, Diplopoda, Julida, parasitic fungi, Spirobolida, Spirostreptida}, issn = {1179-3155}, doi = {10.11646/phytotaxa.243.2.1}, url = {https://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.243.2.1}, author = {Santamar{\'\i}a, Sergi and Enghoff, Henrik and Reboleira, Ana Sofia} } @article {351, title = {New species of Troglomyces and Diplopodomyces (Laboulbeniales, Ascomycota) from millipedes (Diplopoda)}, journal = {European Journal of Taxonomy}, year = {2018}, month = {27/04/2018}, pages = {1-20}, abstract = {

We describe five new species of fungi of the order Laboulbeniales Lindau growing on millipedes and belonging to the genera Diplopodomyces W.Rossi\ \& Balazuc and Troglomyces S.Colla. Three new species of Diplopodomyces, viz. Diplopodomyces coronatus Santam., Enghoff\ \& Reboleira sp. nov. living on Serboiulus spelaeophilus Gulicka, 1967 from Bulgarian caves, Diplopodomyces liguliphorus Santam., Enghoff\ \& Reboleira sp. nov. on an unidentified species of Spirobolida from Sri Lanka, and Diplopodomyces ramosus Santam., Enghoff\ \& Reboleira sp. nov. on Pachyiulus spp. from Turkey, Macedonia and Serbia; and two new species of Troglomyces, viz. Troglomyces dioicus Santam., Enghoff\ \& Reboleira sp. nov. on Nepalmatoiulus sp. from Myanmar, and Troglomyces tetralabiatus Santam., Enghoff\ \& Reboleira sp. nov. on Caucaseuma Strasser, 1970 and Heterocaucaseuma Anti{\'c} \& Makarov, 2016 from caves in Western Caucasus. Troglomyces dioicus sp. nov. is the first dioecious species described in the genus Troglomyces. Keys for all hitherto known species of Diplopodomyces and Troglomyces are presented, as is a discussion of the status of both genera. Additional records for Diplopodomyces lusitanipodos Santam., Enghoff\ \& Reboleira and Troglomyces manfrediae S.Colla are also included.

}, keywords = {Diplopodomyces, identification keys, Laboulbeniales, millipedes, Troglomyces}, issn = {2118-9773}, doi = {10.5852/ejt.2018.429}, url = {http://www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/view/558}, author = {Santamar{\'\i}a, Sergi and Enghoff, Henrik and Reboleira, Ana Sofia P.S.} }